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Praxis: Early Childhood PLT 5621 Questions With Complete Solutions

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Praxis: Early Childhood PLT 5621 Questions With Complete Solutions constructivism people create knowledge through observations and experience; people combine much of what they learn into integrated bodies of knowledge and beliefs (schemas); by working together, two or more people can often g...

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  • November 13, 2024
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Praxis: Early Childhood PLT 5621 Questions
With Complete Solutions

constructivism people create knowledge through observations and experience; people

combine much of what they learn into integrated bodies of knowledge and beliefs (schemas); by

working together, two or more people can often gain better understandings than anyone could

gain alone (social constructivism)




sociocultural theory emphasize that the social, cultural, and historical contexts in which

children grow up have profound influences on thinking, learning, and effective instructional

practice; Because of their varying environments, historical circumstances, and needs, different

cultures have developed somewhat different ways of thinking, learning, and teaching




classical conditioning (Pavlov) when automatic and reflexive responses to stimuli become

associated with new stimuli that previously had no effect (When a conditioned stimulus (e.g., a

buzzer regularly paired with the puff of air) evokes a conditioned response (e.g., blinking),

learning has occurred)

,Praxis: Early Childhood PLT 5621 Questions
With Complete Solutions
operant conditioning (Skinner) occurs as a result of the consequences of behavior;

Behaviors that are reinforced are strengthened — they are repeated. Reinforcers can be positive

(e.g., presentation of a reward) or negative (e.g., removal of an aversive stimulus). Behaviors that

are punished are extinguished; punishments, too can be positive (e.g., presentation of an aversive

stimulus) or negative (removal of a positive stimulus)




sensory register (short term memory) Component of memory that holds incoming

information in an unanalyzed form for a very brief time (perhaps one to two seconds)




working memory Component of memory that holds and actively thinks about and

processes a limited amount of information




long term memory Component of memory that holds knowledge and skills for a relatively

long time




semantic knowledge Knowledge of the meanings of words and word combinations

, Praxis: Early Childhood PLT 5621 Questions
With Complete Solutions

procedural knowledge Knowledge concerning how to do something (e.g., a skill)




how to move info into long term memory Rehearsal


Meaningful learning

Elaboration

Organization

Visual imagery

Mnemonics




accommodation required when people must incorporate a new experience by modifying

an old scheme or forming a new scheme (The period of flux when individuals are attempting to

adjust prior schemes with new experiences that do not fit into their existing schemes is known as

disequilibrium, and the process of moving from disequilibrium to a new state of learning is

known as equilibration)

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