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Exam (elaborations)

Dental Calculus Exam Questions with Verified Solutions (Graded A+)

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  • Dental Calculus
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  • Dental Calculus

Dental Calculus Exam Questions with Verified Solutions (Graded A+) calculus: - Answers mineralized (calcified) dental biofilm; can form in the absence of bacteria. -is a local risk factor for periodontal disease. hard tenacious deposit that adheres firmly to the: - Answers tooth and any man-made...

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  • November 14, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Dental Calculus
  • Dental Calculus
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Dental Calculus Exam Questions with Verified Solutions (Graded A+)

calculus: - Answers mineralized (calcified) dental biofilm; can form in the absence of bacteria.

-is a local risk factor for periodontal disease.

hard tenacious deposit that adheres firmly to the: - Answers tooth and any man-made material

mineralization of biofilm begins within: - Answers 24-48 hours of its formation

formation time/rate averages: - Answers 12 days

factors that effect formation time: - Answers -varies from individual to individual

-varies with ability of individual to remove plaque

-individual saliva contents vary

-number of retentive sites (nooks and crannies)

calculus contributes to the accumulation of dental biofilm by having: - Answers a rough, porous surface
layer (harbors biofilm)

composition of calculus: - Answers inorganic and organic components and water.

inorganic: - Answers 70-90%

-primary component: calcium phosphate (similar to bone)

-other elements: magnesium, bromine, sodium, potassium and carbonate

-trace elements: fluoride, chlorine, zinc, strontium, copper, maganese, tungsten, gold, aluminum, silicon
and iron.

-fluoride concentration: varies due to drinking water, topical applications

-2/3 of inorganic contents is crystalline structure: apatite (snowflake like)

-hydroxyapatite: predominate crystalline structure; is similar to bone and same crystal present in
enamel, dentin, cementum and bone

crystalline forms of dental calculus: - Answers inorganic component changes as calculus ages

-hydroxyapatite: 58%; calculus usually older than 6 months

-octacalcium phosphate: 21%

-magnesium whitlockite: 21%; usually less than 6 months old

-brushite: 9%; usually newly formed calculus

, organic: - Answers 10-30%

-nonvital (dead) filamentous microorganisms, desquamated epithelial cells, leukocytes, mucin from
saliva, carbohydrates, lipids, mixture of protein polysaccharides

supragingival: - Answers supramarginal, coronal, salivary

-description: accumulation above the gingival margin and tightly adherent to the tooth; forms in layers
(out and horizontally)

-minerals come from saliva

primary locations for formation of supragingival calculus: - Answers -whartons ducts: lingual surfaces of
lower anterior teeth.

-stensons ducts: buccal surfaces of maxillary molar

-malaligned teeth

-nonfunctioning teeth

-teeth difficult to access: lingual posteriors in mandible and facials or maxilla

detection of supra gingival calculus: - Answers direct/indirect vision

compressed air

explorer and probe

disclosant

color of supragingival calculus: - Answers chalky, white/yellow

stained from smoking, coffee, tea, extrinsic stains

shape, consistency and modes of attachment of supragingival calculus: - Answers shape: irregular;
determined by shape of teeth and cot ours of the gingiva

consistency: changes and becomes harder with age; hard to moderately hard; 30% mineralized; porous

modes of attachment: superficial attachment on acquired pellicle and enamel

subgingival calculus: - Answers submarginal, serumal

description: dense and hard, tenacious and black, apical to marginal gingiva

-minerals come from gingival crevicular fluid and inflammatory exudates

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