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Criminology Exam 1 Chapters 1-3 Questions with Latest Update
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Criminology Exam 1 Chapters 1-3 Questions with Latest Update
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Criminology Exam 1 Chapters 1-3Questions with Latest Update
Theory - Answer-possible explanation for why things do what they do
Law - Answer-fact, proof of what happens
What causes crime? - Answer-Poverty, laws, gender, greed, need, hormones,
biological, environment, social influences
Theory - Answer-a set of concepts linked together by a series of statements to explain
why an event or phenomenon occurs
Theory - Answer-is NOT proof
Criminological Theory - Answer-the scientific study of crime, especially of why people
commit crime
Philosophical, legal, and journalistic perspectives are not scientific because they do not
us the scientific method
Hypotheses - Answer-based on prior knowledge and studies, go out and test predictions
through observation
legalistic approach - Answer-only study acts that are specifically prohibited in the legal
codes of a given jurisdiction
mala in se - Answer-evil in itself, crimes involve serious violence and shock the society
in which they occur
Mala prohibita - Answer-evil because prohibited, crimes are not inherently evil acts, they
are bad only because the law says so
Committed by most people at some point, for example, speeding
Deviance - Answer-not against the law in many places but are statistically atypical and
may be considered more immoral than illegal
Micro level of analysis - Answer-focus is on the individual
Macro level of analysis - Answer-focus is on the group
Strain theory - Answer-people are born innocent but society causes them to commit
crime
Parsimony - Answer-achieved by explaining a certain phenomenon
, scope - Answer-characteristic of a theory, indicates how much of the given
phenomenon a theory seeks to explain
Logical consistency - Answer-extent to which a theory makes sense in terms of its
concepts and propositions
Proving Causality - Answer-temporal ordering, correlation, and spuriousness
temporal ordering - Answer-requires that the predictor variable precede the explanatory
variable to determine X causes Y
correlation - Answer-extent to which a change in the predictor is associated with a
change in the explanatory variable
Spuriousness - Answer-to determine X causes Y, other factors that could be causing
the observed association must be accounted for before we can be sure that it is actually
X that is causing Y
Hot spots - Answer-places that have high level of crime activity
intraracial - Answer-crimes tend to occur within race or ethnicity (White on White)
interracial - Answer-across races or ethnicities (White on Black)
UCR (Uniform Crime Report) - Answer-oldest and most used measure of crime rates in
US
Examining trends and distribution of crime
Index offenses - Answer-Part I offenses, (four violent and four property)
violent part I offenses - Answer-Murder, nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape,
robber, and aggravated assault
property part I offenses - Answer-Burglary, motor vehicle theft, larceny, and arson
Nonindex offenses - Answer-Part II offenses, reported only if arrest is made, range from
simple assault to embezzlement and fraud
Dark figure - Answer-70% to 80% of serious crimes go unreported, never shows up in
police reports that get sent to FBI
Hot spots - Answer-Often bars, liquor stores, malls, hotels, motels, tattoo parlors,
discount stores
true - Answer-The more rural the area, the lower the rates for crime and victimization
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