USMLE Step 2 CK Prevention and Screening
osteoporosis in women ️️women >65 years old should get DEXA scan. screening starts at 60 y.o. if
there is low body weight or increased risk of fractures
abdominal aortic aneurysm ️️U/S one time in men >65 who have ever smoked. There is no...
osteoporosis in women ✔️✔️women >65 years old should get DEXA scan. screening starts at 60 y.o. if
there is low body weight or increased risk of fractures
abdominal aortic aneurysm ✔️✔️U/S one time in men >65 who have ever smoked. There is no
screening recommendations for male non-smokers and women smokers or women non-smokers.
the role of physicans to prevent injuries ✔️✔️seat belts, wearing helmets and not driving under the
influence of alcohol; women - especially domestic violence - ask if they've been hit, kicked can increase
identification by more than 10%
high cholesterol ✔️✔️screening starts in men age 35 with no risk factors. Repeat every 5 years in low-
risk individuals.
in both men and women with risk factors for coronary artery disease, screening should be done
routinely after age 20.
diabetes mellitus ✔️✔️screening for DM should be considered only for patients with hypertension.
diagnosis of diabetes is two fasting glucose measurements are ≥126 mg/dL OR HA1c > 6.5% or
symptomatic random glucose is >200mg/dL .
carotid artery stenosis ✔️✔️there is no recommendation for screening carotid artery stenosis.
future travel plans ✔️✔️set appointment 4-6 weeks prior to departure, discuss the following:
HepA - get vaccine
<2 weeks of departure => vaccine + Ig
booster shot 6 months after initial vaccine confers 10 yrs of immunity
, HepB -
Malaria - mefloquine for prophylaxis (doxycycline as alternative although has photosensitivity adverse
effect)
for pregnant patients, use chloroquine instead.
Rabies - recommended for travel to India Asia and Mexico
people with concurrent malaria prophylaxis, use IM administration of Rabies vaccine(instead of
intradermal) to avoid chloroquine interactions with vaccine.
hep B vaccination for travel ✔️✔️vaccine recommended for the folllowing activities:
-working with indigenous population
-having sex with indigenous population
-receiving medical or dental care
-staying abroad for >6 months
Typhoid vaccination for travel ✔️✔️developing countries
either oral live attenuated form (refrigerated) and in immunocompetent patients OR
polysaccharide vaccine - IM as single injection (irritation at site of injection) ; it is the preferred form -
well tolerated and doesn't require refrigeration
when to give meningococcal booster ✔️✔️If primary vaccine occurred prior to 16 yrs of age and if
they are between ages of 16-21 years old.
patient with no history of prior meningococcal vaccine what do you give him? ✔️✔️>21 yrs old
consider administering if he has following:
1) asplenia
2) complement deficiency
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