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Criminology Final Exam Review Questions with Correct Answers
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Criminology Final Exam ReviewQuestions with Correct Answers
What are the six big questions of criminology? - Answer-1.) What are the patterns of
crime? (or the variation in rates of crime)?
2.) What are the processes by which individuals commit crimes? (and especially embark
on criminal careers)
3.) Why are some behaviors called criminal and not others? Why are sanctions harsher
for some?
4.) Why are some individuals called criminals and not others?
5.) What are the consequences of labeling and sanctioning for a persons self concept,
interpersonal relationships, and subsequent behavior ?
6.) What are the origins of criminal subcultures? (gangs, organized crime)
What does the "crime-producing condition" (CPC) mean? - Answer-Reasoning behind
why an offender commits a crime.
What is deviance? - Answer-violation of social norms
What is conformity? - Answer-Adherence to social norms
What is a norm? - Answer-Concrete guides to action
What are values? - Answer-Abstract conceptions of the desirable
What is an example of violating a norm? - Answer-Committing a crime
Why do we have norms? - Answer-We value them and want to keep society running
smoothly
What are the three types of norms? - Answer-- Folkways (lowest level or norm)
- Mores (small consequence)
- Laws (extreme)
What is an example of a folkway norm? - Answer-Sneezing or coughing without
covering; has small consequence
What is an example of a mores norm? - Answer-Something shitty, but not illegal
What is an example of a law norm? - Answer-Literally a law, ex. don't murder people
What is the simplest definition of crime? - Answer-Violation of the law
What are the three elements to the sociological definition of crime? - Answer-- A value
,- Isolation of another part of this group where members do not appreciate value of other
members
- Coercion applied by those who appreciate value to those who do not appreciate value
What is the broadest definition of criminology? - Answer-The study of crime
What is the primary focus of criminology? - Answer-Groups and trends with emphasis
on comparison
What are criminologists? - Answer-Social scientists that study causes, dispersion, and
nature of crime
What is the criminological imagination? - Answer-Crime as a sociological concept and
social contrast
What are crime control and punishment shaped by? - Answer-Social influences
What does it mean to call criminology a social science? - Answer-It contains theories,
research methods, variables, hypotheses, observation between independent and
dependent variables
How are people ranked sociologically? - Answer-By their economic status, power, and
prestige
What do we use crime data for? - Answer-- understanding crime trends
- helps inform CJ policy
- used to test criminological theories and explanations
What are the two types of Crime Data Sources? - Answer-- Quantitative
- Qualitative
What data is collected for official crime data sources? - Answer-- Agents of the criminal
justice system
- Conviction/imprisonment data
What are the two types of crime statistics? - Answer-- Official
- Unofficial
What data is collected for unofficial crime data sources? - Answer-- Self-report surveys
- Interview data
What kind of data does the Uniform Crime Report collect? - Answer-Official
How does the UCR collected data? - Answer-Throughly yearly report Baden monthly
policy data from over 18,000 law enforcement agencies
, What kind of information is the data based on? - Answer-Known reports to the police
What two groups is UCR data divided into? - Answer-- Serious
- Simply
What are some examples of serious crimes according to the UCR? - Answer-- Homicide
- Robbery
- Burglary
What are some examples of simple crimes according to the UCR? - Answer-- Assault
- Forgery
_ Prosecution
What are some strengths of the UCR? - Answer-- Most accurate measure of homicide
offenses
- Nationwide database
- Does not rely on victim/perpetrators memory of events
- Coverts wideness of range of various crimes
- Provides information on law enforcement officers
What are some weaknesses of the UCR? - Answer-- Limited to crimes reported to
police
- Police use discretion to determine if/when to report an incident and how's the crime
should be classified
- Hierarchy Rule
- UCR statistics are affected by shifts in policies/practices of criminal justice system
- Classification of crimes are broad
What is the Hierarchy Rule? - Answer-Only the most serious crime is reported for a
single incident
What does NIBRS stand for? - Answer-National Incident Based Reporting System
What kind of data source is NIBRS? - Answer-Official crime data source
What is the purpose of NIBRS? - Answer-To collect information on each crime incident
and whether an arrest was made
What rule does NIBRS not follow - Answer-the hierarchy rule
What information does NIBRS include that the UCR doesn't? - Answer-- Demographic
information about offenders and victims
- Victim-offender relationship
- Specific incident details
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