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Criminology Exam 2 Study Guide Questions and Answers
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Criminology Exam 2 Study Guide Questions and Answers
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Criminology Exam 2 Study GuideQuestions and Answers
Discrimination - Answer-Treatment of making a distinction in favor or against a
person/thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person/thing belongs
to, rather than based off on an individual merit.
Prejudice - Answer-Unreasonable feelings, opinions, or attitudes
Hostile nature
Usually towards racial, religious, or national group
Ethnicity - Answer-Relating to a characteristic of a human group having racial, religious,
linguistic and certain traits in common
Race - Answer-A group of persons related by common descent or heredity
What crimes are mostly associated with women? - Answer-Prostitution and runaways
Which crime are women most often arrested for? - Answer-Theft (shoplifting)
How does language impact the family, crime in general, and our society at a large? -
Answer-It desensitizes the public into thinking things like that are okay an accepting in
society
Criminogenic Market Structure - Answer-Requires that small businesses dealers be
dependent on the large corporation who makes the rules and sets the price
To stay in operation, the smaller businessperson has no choice but to make a profit
through illicit means
Brutalization Effect - Answer-A theory states that criminals are more likely to commit
crimes since the government punishes criminals
Bowers and Pierce argue that executions "devalue life by the example of human
sacrifice" and send a message that it is "appropriate to kill those who have gravely
offended us"
What is political crime? - Answer-Crime that is "committed for ideological purposes
rather than crime motivated by private greed or passion"
Perpetrators of political crime believe they are following a higher conscience or morality
that supersedes current social standards, beliefs and practices
What do states define as political crime? - Answer-As any behaviors perceived as a
threat, real or imagined, to the state's survival including both violent and non-violent
oppositional crimes
, A consequence of such criminalization may be that a range of human rights, civil rights,
and freedoms are curtailed
Who engages in political crime? - Answer-Offenders who believe they are following
higher conscience or morality that supersedes present society and law
Collective Rebellion - Answer-A group behavior that is spontaneous, unstructured and
unstable
Examples of Collective Rebellion - Answer-Riots, mobs, violent insurrections, Daniel
Shay, Nat Turner, The KKK, Haymarket riot of 1886, and Watts riot of 1965
What are some policing styles? - Answer-Watchmen
Legalistic
Service
Watchman - Answer-Emphasis on order-maintenance function of policing
Minor infractions are often ignored as long as order is maintained, informal handling of
disputes
Legalistic - Answer-By-the-book approach
Expected to be professional, impersonal, and hard-nosed
Equated to a military style of policing
Service - Answer-Small communities where there is not a lot of serious crime
Community needs are emphasized such as accidents, drug prevention, youth
mentoring, recreationally programs, mediate disputes and make referrals.
Examples of Police Malfeasance - Answer-1. Serpico/Knapp Commission: Extensive,
routine pay-offs involving gambling, narcotics, non-enforcement of city ordinances and
retail businesses
2. Grass-eaters and Meat-eaters
3. Police sexual misconduct: Use of status to seek gratification
Grass-eaters - Answer-Low level, down to the ground
More common among officers
Meat-eaters - Answer-Non-enforcers of the law
Gender differences with departments - Answer-Historically women have not been well
received by their male counterparts, after all, "real policing is done by real men"
Recent research suggests that veteran officers are reluctant to work with female officers
and often refuse to help train females
Studies indicate that while women tend to be less proficient with the use of firearms,
women tend to receive fewer civilian complaints and are more skilled in conflict
resolution than male officers
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