BRS PHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
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Module
BRS PHYSIOLOGY
Institution
BRS PHYSIOLOGY
BRS PHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Total body water
60% of body weight is due to water
Total body water composition
1. ICF=2/3 of body water. K, Mg, Protein, organic phosphate
2. ECF=1/3 of body water. Interstitial fluid (3/4 of ECF, little protein) and plasma (1/4 ...
1. Osmolarity of ECF increases bc osmoses of NaCL added.
2. Water therefore shifts from ICF to ECF (to dilute it for equilibrium). This increases the
osmolarity of the ICF and decreases the ECF osmolarity
3. As a result of the shift out of cells, ECF volume increases and ICF volume decreases.
4. Protein conc and HCT decrease because of the increase in ECF volume.
5. BP increases bc ECF increases
Sweating in a desert=loss of water (AKA hyper-osmotic volume contraction)
1. Osmolarity of ECF increases because sweat is hyposmotic (therefore mostly water,
not salt is lost)
2. ECF volume decreases because water is lost.
3. Water shifts from ICF to ECF and therefore ICF osmolarity increases and ICF volume
decreases.
4. Plasma protein increases because of the decrease in ECF
5. HCT is unchanged bc water shifts out of RBCs dec their voluming.
, Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)=gain of water
(hyposmotic volume expansion)
1. Excess water is retained therefore ECF osmolarity decreases
2. ECF volume increases. Water then shifts into cells therefore ICF osmolarity
decreases and ICF volume increases.
3. Plasma protein conc decreases bc of the increase in ECF volume
4. HCT is unchanged bc water into RBC inc their volume
Adrenocortical insufficiency
1. Osmolarity of ECF decreases. Lack of aldosterone then decreases NaCl reabsorption
and more is excreted than reabsorbed so losing it.
2. ECF volume dec bc water shifts into cells since ECF is hyposmotic.
3. ICF osmolarity decreases and its volume inc due to the shift into cells.
4. HCT increases bc dec ECF volume and RBCs swell bc of water entry into cells
5. APB decreases due to the dec in ECF volume (plasma and interstitial)
Summary of shifts
Y=osmolarity
X=volume
-First 2 on left are iso-osmotic therefore no shift between ICF and ECF (ICF stays the
same)
-Middle are hyper osmotic (high Y) therefore shifts from ICF to ECF (Low ICF)
-Right are hypo osmotic (low Y) therefore shifts from the ECF to the ICF
Renal clearance
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