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NUR 431L (airway) Final Exam Questions and Answers
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NUR 431L (airway) Final Exam Questions and Answers
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NUR 431L (airway) Final Exam Questionsand Answers
-placed into the trachea via the mouth or nose past the larynx (endotracheal [ET]
intubation)
-or through a stoma in the neck (tracheostomy) - Answer-Insert tube into the trachea
(trach)
-upper airway obstruction (e.g., secondary to burns, tumor, bleeding)
-apnea
-high risk for aspiration
-ineffective clearance of secretions
-respiratory distress - Answer-Indications for ET intubation:
tracheotomy - Answer-is a surgical procedure that is performed when the need for an
artificial airway is expected to be long term
-process by which the FIO2 (21% [room air] or more) is moved in and out of the lungs
by a mechanical ventilator.
-not curative rather a means of supporting patients until they recover the ability to
breathe independently. - Answer-Mechanical Ventilation
Negative Pressure mechanical ventilation - Answer-Use of chambers that encase chest;
causes chest to be pulled outward, reducing intrathoracic pressure; expiration is
passive; machine cycles off allowing chest retraction; similar to normal ventilation; does
not require an artificial airway
Positive pressure mechanical ventilation - Answer-Primary method used on acutely ill
patients; during inspiration the vent pushes air into lungs under positive pressure; unlike
spontaneous ventilation, intrathoracic pressure is raised rather than lowered; expiration
occurs normally as passive
-volume
-pressure ventilation - Answer-Modes of PPV categorized in 2 groups:
PPV volume - Answer-a predetermined tidal volume is delivered w/ each inspiration,
and the amount of pressure needed to deliver the breath varies on compliance and
resistance factors
PPV Pressure ventilation - Answer-peak inspiratory pressure is predetermined and the
tidal volume delivered to patient varies based of selected pressure & compliance and
resistance factors; must be careful to prevent unplanned hyperventilation or
hypoventilation; used for the critically ill
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