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Essay - Establishment of Bolshevik Rule

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A totalitarian state, is a where the central government of a state does not tolerate any parties with opposing views and exercises complete dictatorial rule over all or most aspects of life. Lenin, the leader of the Bolsheviks, took many measures in an attempt to create a totalitarian state, includ...

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  • March 5, 2020
  • 4
  • 2018/2019
  • Essay
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Raul Patel
History
Timed Essay
Time Taken; 52 minutes


To what extent does Lenin’s use of terror explain the establishment of the Bolshevik

rule in Russia by 1924?



After defeating the Whites (a group of monarchists and militarists) in 1921, Lenin sought

to consolidate his personal position, and that of the Bolsheviks in a post-civil war Russia. Chaos

plagued the nation, as the devastating effects of WW1, exile of the monarchy, and the Famine of

1921, made it difficult for the Bolsheviks to consolidate their power without taking extreme

measures such as the use of fear. Though terror was essential to consolidating power, there were

many other contributors such as economic policies and propaganda. This essay will evaluate the

impact Terror; with a Secret Police Force, against the importance of War Communism, NEP and

propaganda, in establishing the Bolshevik rule in Russia by 1924.

One of Lenin’s first challenges after taking power was the fact of the Constituent

Assembly elections. The Constituent Assembly was a sovereign decision-making body in Russia,

which at the time had more power than Lenin’s Council of the People’s Commissars. Lenin

allowed the elections to take place, but it soon became clear that the Bolsheviks performed

badly. Given their appeal both to the peasants and the workers, it was unsurprising that the SRs

won the elections with over 40% of the vote and controlling a majority of the seats. This forced

Lenin to suppress the Constituent Assembly. Although the representatives of the Constituent

Assembly would form an alternative government in Samara, Lenin was able to consolidate his

control of the Russian heartland, which was vital for his prosecution of the Civil War.

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