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  7. Unit 4a - Europe of the Dictators, 1918-1941 (9389)

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Extended Essay - Industrialising Russia (Stalin)
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Stalin; formerly known as Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, was a Marxist and an avid follower of Vladimir Lenin. His involvement in the Bolshevik movement was due to his active violent attacks on the Tsarist government, through bank robbing and kidnapping to fund the revolution, allowing him to b...

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  • March 6, 2020
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Raul 1


Raul Patel
History
Y13

Examine whether Stalin had achieved his aim of making Russia a modern industrial country by 1941.



After defeating his opposition in 1928, Stalin sought to rapidly industrialise Russia. His

reason behind this was due to its weakness against western superpowers. “We are 50 to 100

years behind the advanced countries. We must cover the distance in 10 years, or we will be

crushed”. Stalin’s view was that of a need for an industrial revolution, as the USSR needed to

create economic wealth, and strengthen its people in case of an attack from its western enemy;

Germany. Stalin knew it was time to industrialise, as his main anti-communist opposition were

suffering from the Great Depression, presenting Stalin with an opportunity to strengthen his

country before the others regain economic stability and emerge from isolation.



Stalin’s first step to making Russia a modern industrial country was his introduction of

collectivisation; a policy which consolidated and centralised all individual landholdings and

labour into collective farms. (Kolkhozy and Sovkhozy) This was implemented due to the

inefficient agriculture, as at the time was for subsistence farming. Furthermore; famine levels

were on the rise, as Russia needed more output to be able to feed the population. Even though

NEP (Lenin’s national economic policy; an economic programme that permitted private

ownership of industries, and nationalised agriculture) was designed to combat famine and high

industry prices, started to fail, as by 1928, the USSR was 20 million tonnes of grain short to feed

the towns. Moreover, a strong agricultural economy was needed to industrialise, without it

Russia would have failed as famine levels would have risen to a staggering amount. With

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