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AP Psych Cram Sheet Unit 5 Cognition Questions with complete answers
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AP Psych Cram Sheet Unit 5 Cognition Questions with complete answers
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AP Psych Cram Sheet Unit 5 CognitionQuestions with complete answers
the processing of information into the memory system—for example, by
extracting meaning. - ✔✔Encoding
A device, such as a formula or rhyme, used as an aid in remembering. -
✔✔mneumonic
The theory that information learned in a particular situation or place is
better remembered when in that same situation or place. - ✔✔context
dependent memory
the retention of encoded information over time - ✔✔storage
the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory
system - ✔✔sensory memory
Iconic refers to visual memory while echoic refers to auditory memory. -
✔✔iconic vs echoic memory
activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of
a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten -
✔✔short-term memory
the conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in
consciousness or to encode it for storage - ✔✔rehearsal
a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious,
active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of
information retrieved from long-term memory - ✔✔working memory
, the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system.
Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences. - ✔✔long-term memory
Explicit memory - consciously acting to recall/recognize particular info. Ex.
trying to remember a list of words you just saw.
Implicit memory - recalling/recognizing info w/out consciously being aware
of doing so. Ex. remembering meanings of words as you read without trying -
✔✔explicit vs implicit memory
the process of getting information out of memory storage - ✔✔Retrieval
our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list - ✔✔serial
position effect
tendency to remember words at the end of a list especially well -
✔✔recency effect
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event - ✔✔flashbulb
memory
a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously
learned, as on a multiple-choice test - ✔✔recognition
in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from
consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories -
✔✔Repression
failure to process information into memory - ✔✔encoding failure
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