THE AMAZON RAINFOREST EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
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Module
THE AMAZON RAINFOREST
Institution
THE AMAZON RAINFOREST
THE AMAZON RAINFOREST EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
what happens if this gets destroyed? - Answer-- If destroyed, the vast carbon store will be released into the atmosphere.
Tropical forest and pasture land - Answer-- A tropical rainforest is a forest occurring in tropical areas of...
THE AMAZON RAINFOREST EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT
ANSWERS
what happens if this gets destroyed? - Answer-- If destroyed, the vast carbon store will
be released into the atmosphere.
Tropical forest and pasture land - Answer-- A tropical rainforest is a forest occurring in
tropical areas of heavy rainfall. It is abundant with many species of wildlife and
vegetation.
- Pasture is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed
tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock.
Differences between a tropical rainforest and pasture land - Answer-- Forests absorb
approximately 11 per cent more solar radiation.
- The average temperature in the rainforest is approximately 24.1°C; in pastures it is
33°C.
- The daily temperature variation of Amazon forest soils at 20 cm did not exceed 2.8°C,
though under pastures it was 8°C.
- The moisture content in the upper one metre of pasture soil is about 15 per cent less
than under nearby forest.
- Deeper forest roots can pump more soil moisture to the surface, producing 20-30 per
cent more air humidity and consequently 5-20 per cent more precipitation than pastures.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE AMAZON - Answer-
what has a study shown about the amazon and the effect of climate change? - Answer--
Studies investigating all tropical rainforest regions found a mean temperature increase
of 0.26°C ± 0.05° every ten years since the mid-1970s.
- They predict that by the year 2050, temperatures in the Amazon will increase by 2-
3°C.
- There has also been evidence of more frequent and increased extremes in
temperature.
Has the falling level of rainfall affected anything? - Answer-- Amazonia experienced
falling amounts of rainfall between the 1920s and the 1970s but since then it appears
there has been no significant change.
VEGETATION CHANGE IN THE AMAZON - Answer-
, What's happened between 2000 - 2010 and what caused this ? - Answer-- There has
been a massive net loss of forests in the Amazon Basin, about 3.6 million hectares per
year between 2000 and 2010.
- Although most of this has been caused by deliberate deforestation, a significant
amount has been as a result of climate change.
how has climate changed affected species? - Answer-- Some species are limited by
their tolerance to temperature change, drought and seasonality.
- Climate change can affect species sustainability by directly altering the conditions
needed to grow and survive.
- Droughts and unusually high temperatures in the Amazon in recent years may also be
playing a role in killing millions of trees although the tree mortality increases began well
before an intense drought in 2005.
what did a study find about a rise in temperature above pre-industrial levels? - Answer--
A 2009 study concluded that a 2°c temperature rise above pre-industrial levels would
see 20-40 per cent of the Amazon die off within 100 years.
- A 3°C rise would see 75 per cent of the forest destroyed by drought over the following
century
- A 4°C rise would kill 85 per cent.
SOIL IN THE AMAZON - Answer-
how much carbon does Amazon soil contain? - Answer-- Amazonian soils contain from
4 to 9 kg of carbon in the upper 50 cm of the soil later, while pasturelands contain only
about one kg/m .
how much carbon is lost from forests being cleared and burnt? - Answer-- When forests
are cleared and burned 30-60 per cent of the carbon is lost to the atmosphere.
what happens to the unburned vegetation? - Answer-- unburned vegetation decays and
is lost within ten years. The soil fungi and bacteria that used to recycle the dead
vegetation die off.
how does deforestation cause a reduction in rainfall? - Answer-- When forest clearance
first occurs, the soils are exposed to the heavy tropical rainfall.
- This rapidly washes away the topsoil and attacks the deep weathered layer below.
- Most of the soil is washed into rivers before the forest clearance has caused a
reduction in the rainfall.
RIVERS IN THE AMAZON - Answer-
what does changes in total precipitation, extreme rainfall events and seasonality lead
to? - Answer-- lead to an overall reduction in river discharge.
- cause an increase in silt washed into the rivers, which could disrupt river transport
routes.
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