Exam (elaborations)
LEAN MANUFACTURING EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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LEAN MANUFACTURING EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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What is a "Manufacturing/Service system"? - ANSWER A manufacturingsystem is a network of processes through which entities flow and whose
purpose is to generate profit now and in the future.
What is the goal of manufacturing systems? - ANSWER produce the
product:
- at a profitable cost
- at a desired level of quality
- with on-time delivery
External trends/demand/competitions dictate constraints on.... -
ANSWER cost, time, and quality
The time between the order placed by the customer and the order
delivered to the customer? - ANSWER Total lead time
The time between the order being released for manufacturing and the
order being complete? - ANSWER Manufacturing lead time
what is the time taken to go from a product concept to a complete
manufactured product? - ANSWER Product development time
Types of manufacturing systems? - ANSWER manual production and
mass production
The dominant cost of manual production? - ANSWER Worker's time in
producing the item.
characteristics of Mass (line) production? - ANSWER - higher volumes
- standard, repeat products
- low and/or narrow skills
- no set-ups, or almost instantaneous ones
- higher levels of automation
- product layout: a fixed sequence of operations
, (example: car production)
characteristics of continuous process/product focus? - ANSWER -
extremely high volumes and low variety: often single product
- highly capital-intensive and automated
- product layout: usually flow along conveyors or pipes
- few changeovers required
- long, continuous production runs enable to efficient processes
- difficult and expensive to start and stop the process
- typically high fixed cost but low variable cost
- generally less skilled labor
(example: oil refinery, steel plant, chemical plant.)
characteristics of job shop/process focus? - ANSWER - very small
quantities: "one-offs", or only a few required.
- high degree of product flexibility
- specially made. high variety, low repetition
- facilitated are organized around specific activities or processes
- general purpose equipment and skilled personnel
-skill requirements are usually very broad
- typically high costs and low equipment utilization
- product flows may vary considerably making planning and scheduling a
challenge.
characteristics of batch processes? - ANSWER - higher volumes and
lower variety than for job shop
- standard products, repeating demand. But can make specials
- specialized, narrower skills
- set-ups (changeovers) at each stage of production
- process or cellular layout, predetermined planned routing
Characteristics of project processes? - ANSWER - one- off, complex,
large scale, highwork content "products"
- specially made, everyone customized
- defined start and finish: time, quality and cost objectives
- many different skills have to be coordinated
- fixed position layout, resources brought to product
(example: ship building)
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