POLS 1503 - GLOBALIZATION - STUDY FOR EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
0 view 0 purchase
Module
1503
Institution
1503
POLS 1503 - GLOBALIZATION - STUDY FOR EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Globalization is a process of integration of people, companies, and nations, which is driven by which of the following three influences:
International trade, investment, and information technol...
characteristics, myoglobin
oxygen storage; monomeric; heart & skeletal muscle; 1 oxygen molecule
characteristics, hemoglobin
oxygen transport; tetrameric; erythrocyte; 4 oxygen molecule
sickle-cell disease
mutation in Hb beta chain; polymerization of hemoglobin when not bound to oxygen
hydroxyurea
sickle-cell disease treatment; promotes fetal hemoglobin production & inhibits HbS
polymerization
Fe2+
ferrous iron; can bind oxygen
Fe3+
ferric iron; cannot bind oxygen
"MetHb is ___ in binding oxygen."
not active
saturation curve, myoglobin
hyperbolic; higher affinity for oxygen
saturation curve, hemoglobin
sigmoidal; lower affinity for oxygen
"Cooperative binding of an oxygen molecule at one subunit ___ the oxygen
affinity of the remaining subunits in the same Hb tetramer."
increases
T state, hemoglobin
deoxy Hb; low affinity for oxygen; in tissues
R state, hemoglobin
oxy Hb; high affinity for oxygen; in lungs
T to R state, hemoglobin
in lungs; oxygen uptake
R to T state, hemoglobin
in tissues; oxygen release
"Only proteins with ___ structure can be allosterically regulated."
quaternary
"Allosteric proteins have a ___ ligand-binding curve."
sigmoidal
negative allosteric effectors, hemoglobin
decrease oxygen affinity/oxygen release; right-shift; increased temperature, acidic pH,
carbon dioxide & 2,3-BPG
positive allosteric effectors, hemoglobin
increase oxygen affinity/oxygen uptake; left-shift; carbon monoxide, oxygen
carbon dioxide, T state
affects alpha chain
2,3-BPG, T state
, affects beta chain
"Elevated 2,3-BPG levels are present at ___ altitudes."
high
"2,3-BPG ___ fetal Hb's affinity but ___ adult Hb's affinity for oxygen."
increases; decreases
general trends, erythropoiesis
decreasing nucleus & cell size; extrusion of pyknotic nucleus; increased Hb synthesis
lifespan, erythropoiesis
produced in bone marrow; circulates for 120 days; destroyed in spleen
"Premature release of reticulocytes occurs in response to ___."
anemia
reticulocyte maturation
72 hrs; 48 in bone marrow & 24 in circulation
erythropoietin release
when low oxygen detected by kidneys; stimulates RBC production in bone marrow
erythropoietin effects
increased BFU-E, CFU-E, Hb synthesis, Fe absorption, erythroid differentiation,
reticulocytosis
RBC, red blood cell indices
number of erythrocytes
HGB, red blood cell indices
concentration of hemoglobin
HCT, red blood cell indices
% volume of RBC in whole blood
MCV, corpuscular indices
volume of circulating erythrocytes; (HCT/RBC)10
normocytic vs. microcytic vs. macrocytic erythrocytes
80-100; less than 80; more than 100 fL
MCH, corpuscular indices
avg. amt hemoglobin in erythrocyte; (HGB/RBC)100
MCHC, corpuscular indices
avg. concentration hemoglobin in erythrocyte; (MCH/MCV)100
normochromic vs. hypochromic erythrocytes
31-37% vs. less than 31%
"RDW is ___ in anisocytosis and elevated in individuals with ___ and ___."
increased; alcoholism; nutritional deficiency anemia
low CR, anemia
decreased erythropoiesis
elevated CR, anemia
premature RBC destruction
low CR + low MCV, anemia
microcytic cells; impaired HGB synthesis; iron deficiency
low CR + high MCV, anemia
macrocytic cells; limited DNA synthesis; folate/vit. B12 deficiency
marasmus
deficient in calories & all nutrients; normal albumin levels
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller SUPERGRADES01. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £6.50. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
