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Gerontology Test 1: Chapters 1-5 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass
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Gerontology Test 1: Chapters 1-5 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass age discrimination - negative behavior toward older people; acting on the basis of stereotypes ageism - a systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old chronological age - number of years a...

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  • December 5, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Gerontology Test 1: Chapters 1-5 Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Pass


age discrimination - ✔✔negative behavior toward older people; acting on the basis of stereotypes


ageism - ✔✔a systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old


chronological age - ✔✔number of years a person has lived


cohort - ✔✔the aggregate of individuals who experienced the same event within the same time interval


cohort aging - ✔✔the continuous advancement of a cohort from one age category to another over its life

span


cohort effect - ✔✔a difference due to the experiences or characteristics of the particular cohort to which

an individual belongs


frail elderly - ✔✔older people who depend on others for carrying out their daily activities; they show

some mental or physical deterioration and need care from family members


functional age - ✔✔a definition of age based on how people look and what they can do; in functional

terms, a person becomes old when he or she can no longer perform the major roles of adulthood


generation - ✔✔a term applied to studies of family processes; refers to kinship links


gerontology - ✔✔the scientific study of the biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging


middle-old - ✔✔people aged 75 to 84


oldest-old - ✔✔people 85 or older


senescence - ✔✔


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,social gerontology - ✔✔the study of social aspects of aging


social roles - ✔✔a set of expectations or guidelines for people who occupy a given position or status, such

as widow, grandfather, or retiree


somewhat impaired elderly - ✔✔people who are beginning to experience chronic ailments and need

some assistance from family or community service agencies


stereotypes - ✔✔a composite of ideas and beliefs attributed to people as a group or social category


subjective age identity - ✔✔how people subjectively define their age; most important factors in

determining _______________ are activity level and health


successful aging - ✔✔the attainment of peak physical and psychological functioning and participation in

rewarding social activities


well elderly - ✔✔people who are healthy and active, involved in social and leisure activities, often

employed or busy with volunteer work, still carrying out family responsibilities, and fully engaged in the

life of the community


young-old - ✔✔people 65 to 74


age effect - ✔✔a difference due to chronological age or life course stage


age grades - ✔✔use of age as a social category to group people by status - the expectations for when the

transition from one role to another should occur


age norms - ✔✔informal rules that specify age-appropriate roles and behavior


age timetables - ✔✔similar to age norms but looser and more flexible; informal rules, which specify age-

appropriate roles and behavior


countertransitions - ✔✔life course transitions produced by the role changes of others



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,cross-sectional research - ✔✔research comparing people of different age cohorts at a single point in time


crowded nest - ✔✔the trend of young adults returning to the parental home


empty nest - ✔✔period when a couple is alone together following the departure of children from the

home


life course - ✔✔the interaction between historical events, personal decisions, and individual

opportunities; experiences early in life affect subsequent outcomes


life course framework - ✔✔an approach to the study of aging that combines the study of the changing age

structure with the aging experiences of individuals


longitudinal research - ✔✔process of sorting complex-methodological issues involved in distinguishing

between age effects, cohort effects, and period effects


open-ended interviews - ✔✔a technique used in qualitative research that allows respondents to answer a

question without using pre-determined categories


participant observation research - ✔✔a type of data collection used in qualitative research that allows the

researcher to gain close knowledge of a group of people or a community


period effect - ✔✔the impact of a historical event on the people who live through it


social clock - ✔✔the age norms that provide a prescriptive timetable, which orders major life events


theory of cumulative disadvantage - ✔✔a theory that people who begin life with greater resources

continue to have opportunities to accumulate more of them while those who begin with few resources fall

further behind


trajectory - ✔✔a series of transitions such as education, work, and retirement


transitions - ✔✔refers to the shifts in roles that occur over the life course



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, activity theory - ✔✔a theory of aging which states that the psychological and social needs of the elderly

are no different from those of the middle-aged and that it is neither normal nor natural for older people to

become isolated and withdrawn; also called the implicit theory of aging


age cohort - ✔✔refers to people who were born at the same time and thus share similar life experiences


age integration theory - ✔✔a theory that recognizes that societies have both age-segregated and age-

integrated institutions that can either impede or enhance the participation of the aged


age stratification theory - ✔✔underlying proposition is that all societies group people into social

categories and that these groupings provide people with social identities; age is one principle of ranking,

along with wealth, gender, and race


continuity theory - ✔✔a more formal elaboration of activity theory; uses a life course perspective to

define normal aging and to distinguish it from pathological aging


critical gerontology - ✔✔an approach that emphasizes how the forces of globalization affect policies and

programs for the aged and the daily lives of older people


deferred exchange strategies - ✔✔exchanges between individuals over the life course


disengagement theory - ✔✔the first formal theory of aging; the view that normal aging involves a natural

and inevitable mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreasing interaction between an

aging person and others


exchange theory - ✔✔a theory that social interaction between individuals is based on rational calculations

and that people seek to maximize their rewards from these exchanges and minimize their costs; exchange

theorists argue that interaction between the old and the young decreases, because older people have

fewer resources to bring to the exchange




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