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Biochemistry-Cell Signaling Pathways: Steroid Hormones
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Covering the fundamental concepts and processes of human physiology
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BiochemistryCell Signaling Pathways: Steroid Hormones
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of VI pages
1. what groups can steroids be grouped into based on their receptors? (7)
mineralocorticoids
glucocorticoids
androgens
estrogens
progesterones
thyroid
vitamin D3
2. what are natural steroid hormones synthesized form?
cholesterol
3. steroid hormones are lipids, which are fat soluble meaning they can
pass freely by diffusion through biological membranes and enter cells without a specific transporter
4. in the blood, because of their lipid or hydrophobic properties, steroid hormones circulate bound to
specific binding or carrier proteins rather than corticosteroid hormone binding globulin
5. steroids exert biological effects via two routes (2)
a slower genomic response (hours and longer)
faster nongenomic mechanism (minutes)
6. membrane associated receptors active
intracellular signaling pathways to bring about nongenomic actions of steroid hormones
7. nuclear receptors mediate genomic actions with time frames of
hours to days
8. concentration of estrogen in blood male:females (premenopausal):females (postmenopausal):
male: 10-50 pg/mlfemales (premenopausal): 30-400 pg/nlfemales (postmenopausal): 0-30 pg/nl
9. concentration of testosterone in blood males:females:
males: 30-120 mg/nlfemales: 2-8 ng/ml
10. concentration of progesterone in blood males:females premenopausal, follicular phase:females
males: <1.0 ng/mlfemales premenopausal, follicular phase: <0.70 ng/mlfemales premenopausal, luteal phase:
11. plasma proteins bind and facilitate the circulation of
lipid like (hydrophobic) hormones
12. retuning acid binding protein binds to
retinoid acids
13. sex hormone binding globulin binds to
testosterone and estradiol
14. vitamin D binding protein binds
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
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