Veterinary Science HOSA Competition Study
Guide & Practice Exam (2025/2026) | 100%
Verified & Graded A+ | Comprehensive Q&A
for Success
Which breed of dairy cattle is most known for its high milk production?
Holstein and Friesian – This breed is renowned for its large size and high milk yield, making it the
most productive dairy breed worldwide.
Which breed of swine is easily identifiable by its solid black body, a white belt around the shoulder, and
small erect ears?
Hampshire – The Hampshire pig is recognized by its unique black coloring with a distinctive white
belt, and its small, erect ears.
What breed of swine is white in color and has large, drooping ears that cover much of its face?
American Landrace – Known for its white coat and long, drooping ears that often cover the face,
this breed is commonly used for its excellent maternal traits.
Which breed of swine is black with four white feet and/or legs, a short, wrinkled snout, and medium
erect ears?
Berkshire – Berkshire pigs are typically black with white feet and a short snout, characterized by
their medium erect ears and high-quality meat production.
What breed of swine is red in color with a white face, at least two white feet, a long snout, and small to
medium erect ears?
Hereford – This breed is known for its red body, white face, and distinct white feet, along with its
long snout and erect ears.
What term refers to an abnormal heart rhythm or irregular heart rate in an animal?
1
, Arrhythmia – Arrhythmia refers to any irregularity or abnormality in the heart's normal rhythm,
which can affect the animal’s health.
Which factor does not affect the readings when measuring temperature, pulse, and respiration during a
physical exam?
Breed – While factors such as size and health can influence temperature, pulse, and respiration
rates, breed itself typically does not affect these vital signs.
How does the size of an animal influence its temperature, pulse, and respiration rates?
Smaller animals generally have higher body temperatures, pulse rates, and respiration rates
compared to larger animals due to differences in metabolic needs and body surface area.
What is the normal temperature and pulse rate for a medium-sized dog?
102 degrees Fahrenheit and 70-120 beats/min – A medium-sized dog typically maintains a body
temperature around 102°F, with a pulse rate ranging from 70 to 120 beats per minute.
What does the term "spay" mean in the context of animal care?
Removal of female reproductive organs – Spaying refers to the surgical removal of a female
animal’s ovaries and uterus, preventing reproduction.
What is anaphylactic shock, and what causes it?
An exaggerated allergic response – Anaphylactic shock is a severe and rapid allergic reaction that
can result in difficulty breathing, a drop in blood pressure, and potentially death if not treated promptly.
How is a vaccine defined in veterinary terms?
A suspension of killed or modified microorganisms that stimulate an immune response when
introduced into the body – Vaccines work by introducing weakened or inactive pathogens into the body
to trigger an immune response without causing the disease.
What type of virus causes rabies in animals?
A rhabdovirus – Rabies is caused by a rhabdovirus, a type of virus that attacks the central nervous
system, leading to neurological symptoms and, if untreated, death.
2
, Where should you begin wrapping bandages on a horse’s leg?
Start at the proximal part of the leg and wrap towards the back – This technique helps prevent
restriction of circulation and allows for better support and coverage of the injury.
What should be the correct method for wrapping a bellyband?
It should overlap slightly when being wrapped – The bellyband should overlap to ensure a secure
fit without causing constriction or discomfort to the animal.
What does immunity mean in terms of an animal's ability to fight diseases?
Having resistance to a disease due to the formation of antibodies – Immunity is the body’s ability
to resist infection or disease by producing antibodies that neutralize or destroy harmful microorganisms.
What type of virus is Feline Calicivirus, and how does it affect cats?
RNA Virus – Feline Calicivirus is an RNA virus that causes upper respiratory symptoms like
sneezing and nasal discharge, as well as mouth ulcers in cats.
When gathering a horse’s medical history, which question would be most relevant?
"How much water is it drinking, and how much is it eating?" – Monitoring a horse's hydration and
food intake is crucial in diagnosing health problems such as colic or metabolic disorders.
What term is used to describe difficulty in breathing for an animal?
Dyspnea – Dyspnea refers to labored or difficult breathing, often a sign of respiratory distress or
illness.
Where is the most common place to measure a dog’s pulse?
Femoral Artery – The femoral artery, located in the inner thigh, is the best place to measure a
dog's pulse due to its easy accessibility and strong blood flow.
What are the steps for taking a rectal temperature in an animal?
3
