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The Human Body in Health and Illness Chapter 3 Exam Study Guide
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©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1 The Human Body in Health and Illness Chapter 3 Exam Study Guide Cytology - Answersstudy of structure and function of cells Cell - AnswersThe structural and functional unit of all living matter Cell Structure follows? - AnswersFuncti...

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  • December 13, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.


The Human Body in Health and Illness
Chapter 3 Exam Study Guide



Cytology - Answers✔study of structure and function of cells

Cell - Answers✔The structural and functional unit of all living matter

Cell Structure follows? - Answers✔Function

Cell membrane (plasma membrane) - Answers✔the semipermeable membrane surrounding the
cytoplasm of a cell.

Functions of the cell Membrane - Answers✔Helps keep cytoplasm in and substances located
outside the cell out. Determines what is allowed to enter and exit.

Substances can move across the cell membrane in 2 ways.. what are they? - Answers✔1-
dissolve in the lipid portion of the the membrane, as do oxygen and and carbon dioxide
2- Substances through the pores

The cell is divided into what 2 compartments? - Answers✔Nucleus and cytoplasm

Nucleus - Answers✔A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction - control center of the cell- controls all protein synthesis-double layered nuclear
membrane

Chromatin - Answers✔Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell- carriers of
the genetic code

what forms the DNA-containing of the cell? - Answers✔Chromatin

Cytoplasm - Answers✔A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
contains cytosol and organelles-contains water, electrolytes, and proteins

Mitochondria - Answers✔Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production-the more metabolically active the cell, the greater the mitochondria


1

, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Mitochondrial membrane 2 parts are? - Answers✔1- Smooth
2-folds...cristae

Ribosomes - Answers✔protein synthesis

Fixed ribosomes attached to ER - Answers✔manufacture proteins for secretion to export from
the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Free Ribosomes - Answers✔ribosomes suspended in the cytosol (used with in the Cell) protein
The 2 types of endoplasmic reticulum are ribosome studded _____ ER and non-ribosomal
______ ER. - Answers✔Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answers✔An endomembrane system covered with fixed
ribosomes where many proteins for transport are assembled.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answers✔An endomembrane system where lipids are
synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are broken down.

Golgi apparatus - Answers✔stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Lysosomes - Answers✔cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials
in the cell

Phagocytosis - Answers✔A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or whole
cells

Cytoskeleton - Answers✔network of protein microfilaments and microtubules within some cells
that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement

Microtubules - Answers✔assist in moving materials between the cell body and axon- play a huge
role in cell division and form the spindle apparatus that helps distribute the chromosomes to
opposite ends of the dividing in cells

Centrioles - Answers✔paired rod-shaped, and short microtubular structures that form the spindle
apparatus in a dividing of cell.

What are the cells that have no centrioles and are incapable of cell division? - Answers✔Neurons
Mature RBCs
Skeletal Muscle
Cardiac Muscle

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