Principle of Complementarity - Answers✔form determines function
anatomy determines the physiology that can take place
Physiology uses Gradients - Answers✔body takes advantage of gradients
can be natural or at expenditure of energy
Regulate protein functions by regulating its shape - Answers✔tagging (phosphorylation) changes
shape -> function
can be subtle or drastic
Negative feedback regulation is essential to homeostasis - Answers✔homeostasis
:normal/baseline/reference point
negative feedback loops allow us to restore homeostasis
What are the three principles of the cell theory? - Answers✔1) Cell is the basic structure &
functional unit of living organisms
2) Principal of complementary -> specific suocelular structures dictate biochemical activities ->
organelles in cells show functions of cells
3) continuity of life has similar basis -> meiosis & mitosis
Three structural/functional relationships of eukaryotic cells - Answers✔nucleus (except red
blood cells)
cytoplasm
plasma membrane
What do cells do all day while you're working? - Answers✔segregate (separate internal from
external)
transport & digest ( membrane trafficking)
identify alien invaders ( distinguish self from non self)
internal support
hold hands (cell to cell adhesion)
communicate (between cells)
build/remodel/demolish
clone
Plasma Membrane - Answers✔fluid mosaic model ( flexible like vegetable oil)
phospholipid bilayer ( fat molecule w/ head and tail)
- polar head -> hydrophilic -> containes phosphate
- nonpolar tail -> hydrophobic - > containes fatty acids
SELF ASSEMBLING
cholestoral -> mixed between nonpolar tails - > stiffens membrane -> decreases water solubility
of membrane
made up of CH groups
ampipathic molecule
no charge
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
glycolipids -> exposed on extracellular side
selectively permiable
Plasma Membrane structure - Answers✔2 fatty acid chains with a phosphate group and glycerol
backbone
What is an amphipathic molecule? - Answers✔a molecule that can interface between water and
lipid
ex. milk and eggs while baking help to combine water and oil
Give an example of how the plasma membrane is self-assembling. - Answers✔cloning
-> if you poke a hole in the membrane to extract DNA, the cell survives because the membrane
closes after the glass rod is extracted
What stabilizes the plasma membrane? - Answers✔cholesterol
what does cholesterol do to the membrane at different temps? - Answers✔High temps -> tiffins
cold temps -> more fluid
What is on the plasma membranes extracellular side? - Answers✔glycolipids and glycoproteins
(lipids/proteins w sugar attached)
What is the glycocalyx? - Answers✔Sugar group attached to the branching glycolipids and
glycoproteins
DETERMINES SELF FROM NONSELF
- each cell's is different and unique
What is an integral membrane protein? - Answers✔most are transmembrane -> extend through
hydrophobic & hydrophilic region (but not all)
transport functions
- channels and pores ( small water-soluble molecules or ions)
- or can act as carriers ( bind to substance and move it through)
also help stabalize
What is a peripheral membrane protein? - Answers✔not usually embedded
- attached to integral
- or have hydrophobic regions anchored to membrane
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Brightstars. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £9.63. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
