2024_OCR - GCSE History B (Schools History
Project)
The People’s Health, c.1250 to Present with
The Elizabethans, 1580–1603 – Merged
Question Paper & Marking Scheme
(Tuesday 4 June 2024 – Afternoon)
Code: J411/12
, Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Tuesday 4 June 2024 – Afternoon
GCSE (9–1) History B (Schools History Project)
J411/14 Crime and Punishment, c.1250 to present with
The Norman Conquest, 1065–1087
Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes
* 2 3 4 4 0 6 7 5 2 5 *
You must have:
• the OCR 12‑ page Answer Booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers
must be clearly shown.
• Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet.
• Section A – Crime and Punishment, c.1250 to present: Answer Questions 1 (a–c), 2,
3 and either Question 4 or Question 5.
• Section B – The Norman Conquest, 1065–1087: Answer Questions 6 (a–b) and 7,
and either Question 8 or Question 9.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• This document has 8 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2024 [601/8408/5] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (KS) 344924 Turn over
,Oxford Cambridge and RSA - GCSE (9–1) History B (Schools History Project)
J411/14 Crime and Punishment, c.1250 to Present with The Norman Conquest, 1065–1087
Exam Overview.
This exam focuses on two main areas: Crime and Punishment from 1250 to the present, and The
Norman Conquest, 1065–1087. Here’s a breakdown of what you need to focus on for each topic:
Crime and Punishment, c.1250 to Present
This part of the exam covers the history of crime, the way society dealt with crime, and the
development of punishment systems from the Middle Ages to the modern day.
Key Areas to Focus On:
1. Medieval Crime and Punishment (c.1250–c.1500):
o Types of Crime: Understand the different types of crime in medieval society, such as
theft, rebellion, and heresy.
o Medieval Justice: Explore how crimes were investigated and punished in medieval
times. This includes trial by ordeal, trial by combat, and the role of local communities
in policing and punishment.
o Punishments: Study the common punishments of the time, such as execution, fines,
and corporal punishment. Understand the role of the church and the influence of
religious authorities on crime and punishment.
2. Early Modern Crime and Punishment (c.1500–c.1750):
o The Role of the State: Investigate how crime and punishment evolved as the state took
a more active role in law enforcement, including the creation of the first police forces.
o The Growth of the Legal System: Study changes in the legal system, including the
introduction of more formal courts and professional judges, and how they impacted
crime and punishment.
o Punishments: The use of public executions, transportation to penal colonies, and the
rise of prison systems during this period.
3. Industrial Revolution and Crime (c.1750–c.1900):
o Changing Crime and Law Enforcement: Examine the social changes brought about
by industrialization and urbanization, and how these changes led to new types of crime
(e.g., crimes of poverty) and new forms of policing.
o The Development of Modern Policing: Focus on key developments such as the
creation of the Metropolitan Police in 1829 under Sir Robert Peel, and how policing and
crime prevention evolved during this period.
o Punishments and Reforms: Explore the shift towards more humane punishments, such
as the gradual decline of corporal and capital punishment, and the rise of prison reform.
4. Modern Crime and Punishment (1900–Present):
o The Impact of Modern Technology and Crime: Understand how technological
advancements have changed crime and policing, including the rise of cybercrime and
the use of forensic science.
o Punishments Today: Study the current legal system and punishments, including the
role of prisons, community sentences, and the death penalty (if still relevant in your
curriculum).
o Social Issues and Crime: Examine modern debates around crime, such as the causes of
crime, issues around the criminal justice system, and reforms to improve fairness and
effectiveness.
The Norman Conquest, 1065–1087
, This part of the exam focuses on the Norman Conquest of England, specifically the period from the
death of King Edward the Confessor in 1065 to the consolidation of William the Conqueror’s rule by
1087.
Key Areas to Focus On:
1. The Background to the Conquest:
o Edward the Confessor: Study the reign of Edward the Confessor, the circumstances
surrounding his death, and the succession crisis that followed.
o The Claimants to the Throne: Understand the key figures involved in the succession
dispute, such as Harold Godwinson, William of Normandy, and Harald Hardrada, and
their claims to the throne.
2. The Battle of Hastings (1066):
o Causes of the Battle: Investigate the events leading up to the Battle of Hastings,
including the Battle of Stamford Bridge and Harold’s march south to meet William’s
forces.
o The Battle Itself: Study the key events of the Battle of Hastings, the tactics used by
both sides, and the outcome of the battle.
o The Impact of the Battle: Understand the significance of William's victory, including
the establishment of Norman rule in England.
3. William's Consolidation of Power:
o Establishing Control: Explore how William consolidated his power in England,
including the Harrying of the North, the construction of castles, and the use of the
Domesday Book to assess land and resources.
o Feudalism: Study the introduction of feudalism to England, including the distribution
of land to Norman barons and the impact on Anglo-Saxon peasants.
o Resistance to Norman Rule: Examine the rebellions and resistance to Norman rule,
such as the revolt in the north and the ongoing tensions between the Anglo-Saxon
population and the Normans.
4. The Legacy of the Norman Conquest:
o Long-Term Effects: Understand the long-term effects of the Norman Conquest on
English society, including the changes to the language, culture, and governance.
o The Transformation of England: Study the transformation of England under Norman
rule, including the integration of Norman customs, law, and religion with Anglo-Saxon
traditions.
