In depths mindmaps of sub- topics within Topic 1 (Biological Molecules) of Alevel biology Notes are formed with markscheme points within it and diagrams. Have some extra information to help with essay writing.
man
linhedGlucose
give
respiration
to release energy
↑
Microfibrils Gocluckmonaa b
Laminat
~
bundled
glycogenolysis microfibrils which in him are
called
>
-
fibres
togeller to form
glucea
↳ a
whenblood
↓ 2 down to release
glucose
(branchin ↓ says
a
insoluble =noosmocells
d
is
diffuse out of
reah hydrogen bonds + 1, 4 glycosidic bonds
man branched
good for quick
eciamthatchainsbetwe
energy release
=
than amylopein
C
a
seeds
found in
*
Starch
I cells
Storage polymer of se glucose in plant
· insoluble = no osmotic effect on cells . doesn't affect I
· large= does not diffuse out of cells
· helical == compact for storage
n is
Made from madeby manyI
↑
of 14 linked glucose molecules
~
helical = compact - chains = shorter than amylose
bran enhages
made condensation between
·
by many runs
a
glucose molecules an
I ntermolecular H bonds
Starch
·
↓
cellnose
for])
Good for energy storage is
branched many terminal ends
·
man
hydrolysis into glucose a
· Good for quick energy
release
of gre
Polysaccharides glass
condensation
Carbon hydrogen exygen
,
the
reaction-ser e
,
I
helicant shaight n glucose +
glucose = maltose
monomer
glucose
not branched
branched
microfibrils milk
no microfibrils
bonds
· glucose + galactose =
lactose main
carbohydrate in
glycosidic
1-4 bonds ↑monosaccharide H
↑
und
H
1-6 bonds
·
I
HO
remote
monomer ↑
Carbohydrates
L
repeating unit from -
which larger molenles/
polymers are made Lmade from monosaccharides
e .
g
. glucose , galactose and fructose
CH2OH using ameHome ar
~
O
hydroxyl
>
C
groun mreducing sugan-Benedict
H H
H
C brown. Sugar presen
C starch -
Iodide - from
blue-black
if starch present
OH OH
H adde
OH
Non reducing sugan-1
.
2
. Add
Boil
HC
He solution
.
7
C E - Neuralise
3 with an alhalia
3 . Test lik normal using Benedid's
H
solution
OH
CH2OH
& glucose monomer
C O
H OH
I H
-
C
used to for starch/glycogen C
Isomer
a
OH H
allrepeating unit todifferen not
a
due H
direction
same
elements OH
ot Got o C
small molecules but join together to form globules
Lipids
=>
=
Falst oils are compounds called triglycerides which
a
condensation reactions between tall
d
afomedby
used a
en
the
L an
insoluble
-
I
Friglyceride + saturated e unsaluated lipids
Role of lipids in living things 9 -Containabout
hada
n
·
metabolic water source
source e
=>
Energy oxidised
when triglycerides are
-
Energyreleased
Lused to make ATP
Fatagemheinmanneetrite
I
amount of water muscle bone
dense or
edesent
at not as
cameishhums)
as
L used by and
as
and Condensation
Subcutaneous fat buoyancy
-
as a
L stored as
adipose tissue
provides insulation AnAlcoholunsenaahe
↳hasaresidebodsuptheatof body, ahin
bond
Thigyandezonsiste
formed
·"
functioning as a heat insulation layer ester is
waterproofing Steroids
Loily Secreting of ebaceous
glands water repellant of
of steriod consists
O are
=>
Structure
of carbon
a set of complex rings
aroms
hydrophobic -
I
-
buth of molecule is
but polor
-
on
group hydrophilic
is
animals cholestel animals essential part of
occur in plants
+ e g in plant + are
. .
-
roles
-
- :
all membran
- in mammals:
-
converted into sea
homones + certain
artery
-
stored as deposits in
walls ifnomuchDe
se
>
-
used to form bile salts
necessarfor absorption
a
a
gut to body tissues
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