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Adult CCRN leaked test Questions 2025
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Adult CCRN leaked test Questions 2025

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  • January 2, 2025
  • 79
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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Adult CCRN Notes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dthxjb

1. What is preload? Preload, also known as the left ventricular end-diastolic
pressure (LVEDP), is the amount of ventricular stretch at
the end of diastole. Think of it as the heart loading up
for the next big squeeze of the ventricles during systole.
Some people remember this by using an analogy of a
balloon - blow air into the balloon and it stretches; the
more air you blow in, the greater the stretch.

2. What is after- Afterload, also known as the systemic vascular resistance
load? (SVR), is the amount of resistance the heart must over-
come to open the aortic valve and push the blood volume
out into the systemic circulation. If you think about the
balloon analogy, afterload is represented by the knot at
the end of the balloon. To get the air out, the balloon must
work against that knot.

3. Why would you An increase in preload allows for increased cardiac output
want to increase via the Frank-Starling mechanism; HOWEVER, in an al-
preload? ready weak heart, this mechanism does not augment car-
diac output as much as it causes excessive hypervolemia,
leading to peripheral edema and pulmonary congestion
seen in clinical heart failure

4. Why would you Afterload is the pressure against which the heart must
want to decrease work to eject blood during systole (systolic pressure). The
afterload lower the afterload, the more blood the heart will eject with
each contraction.

5. What medica- Beta 1 blockers
tions decrease CCB
afterload Diuretics
Vasodilators
Nitroglycerin

6. What medica- Nitrates
tions decrease Diuretics
preload

7. S1



, Adult CCRN Notes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dthxjb
the first heart sound, heard when the atrioventricular (mi-
tral and tricuspid) valves close
Loudest at apex
Marks end of diastole, beginning of systole

8. S2 the second heart sound, heard when the semilunar (aortic
and pulmonic) valves close
Loudest at base
Marks end of diastole, beginning of systole

9. S3 Rapid rush of blood into dilated ventricle
heard best at apex
HF - may occur before crackles
can also be associated with Pulmonary HTN and cor
pulmonale
Mitral, aortic, or tricuspid insufficiency

10. S4 Caused by atrial contraction of blood into a non compliant
ventricle
occurs right before s1
heard best at apex
stenosis
"Tennessee"

11. Narrowing Pulse a decrease in systolic blood pressure with little change or
Pressure even an increase in diastolic blood pressure

most often seen with hypovolemia or a severe drop in
cardiac output, severe hypovolemia

12. Widening pulse Decrease in diastolic BP that widens pulse pressure -
pressure vasodilation, a drop in SVR - often seen in sepsis, septic
shock (100/38)

13. When do coro- During diastole
nary arteries get
perfused?

14. Cardiac Output



, Adult CCRN Notes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dthxjb
Systolic BP is
an indirect mea-
surement of ...

15. Diastolic BP is SVR
an indirect mea-
surement of ...

16. What can cause HF
a murmur CAD, MI
Dilated cardiomypoathy
degeneration
bicuspid aortic valve
genetics
rheumatic fever
infection
connective tissue diseases

17. Mitral Regurgita- back up of blood during systole
tion

18. Mitral Stenosis hard to push blood through during diastole

19. Tricuspid regur- back of blood during systole
gitation

20. Tricuspid steno- hard to push blood through during systole
sis

21. Aortic regurgita- diastolic murmur
tion

22. Pulmonic Regur- diastolic murmur
gitation

23. arotic stenosis systolic murmur

24. Pulmonic Steno- stystolic murmur
sis



, Adult CCRN Notes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dthxjb
25. Murmurs asso- Mitral valve is attached to the LV wall with paipillary mus-
ciated with an cles and chordae tendinae - myocardial ischemia/infarct
acute MI can lead to acute mitral valve regurgitation

26. Ventricular Sep- loudest at sternal border 5th ICS
tal Defect

27. Papillary mus- Heard loudest at apex
cle dysfunc- rupture is a surgical emergency
tion/rupture

28. Non-Modifiable age, gender, family history
risk factors for
heart disease

29. Modifiable risk hypertension, elevated cholesterol level, smoking, poor
factors for heart diet, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, oral contraceptives, hor-
disease mone replacement therapy, and high stress.

30. Unstable Angina CP at rest, but can be relieved with NTG
Findings negative trops
ST depression or T wave inversion on EKG

31. NSTEMI Find- Positive troponin
ings EKG - T wave inversion
chest pain that doesn't go away

32. STEMI Findings positive troponin
EKG ST elevations in 2 or more leads
chest pain

33. Variant unstable angina that has transient st segment elevation
(Prinzmetal's) due to Coronary artery spasm w/ or w/o atherosclerotic
Angina Findings lesions
may be precipitated by nicotine, ETOH, cocaine ingestion

34. Management of EKG first
ACS (Medica- aspirin asap - chew it
tions) then anticoagulants - heparin, lovenox
antiplatelet - plavix, abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban

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