Essential Disease Revision Notes – One-Page Summary (Information from this information may have changed since)
These one-page revision notes are designed to help you quickly grasp the key aspects of a variety of diseases. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals, each note includes:...
* Vascular
changes progresses Narrow lumen
-
Exacubation
a Gender Men have BP up 65
higher
* - to
↑ Total Peripheral resistance Arterial BP
*
Sympathetic Nervous Leads to vasoconstriction - =
system activity
increases >
Black Africant Black Carribbean
Ethnicity
-
* - are more at risk .
& cause of
Antigensen
release renin - Il production
Genetics
-Adrenal
* gland o n s e
Act on SA node - HR = ↑CO - ↑BP
ComorbiditieSepapa
*
Ventricular
myocardium - 4 Contractility - NSV + CO - 4 BP
issue
UrinanalysisHaematura kidney
* Causes vasoconstriction
disa ns
ST * Diet
ARBs CostaCaduartan
*
* Test for diabetes >
-
Hb1AC * Reduce salts
OVER 55
* Test for GFR + Urine Albumin -
Sign of CKD
* Calcium Channel Blockers (Amlodipine) STEPAdd
* Stop smoking
ACEO , ARB
Examine
* fundi -
Retinopathy ↳ Alsoused
for Black African or Carribean
origin
* ECG
* Thiazide-like Diuretic (Indapamide
* Assess cardiovascular
riskhaday came
↳ If CCB doesn't wo r k
Due Effect of
*
Sedentary Life
*
Myocardium stiffening -> to
scarring
- ATP on
actin-myosin -
Impaired diastolic filling
*
Pulmonary Congestion +
dyspnea Back How Cardiac failure Causes
hypertrophy
-
+ >
-
* Abnormal ventricular contraction >
-
Lactic acid produced - Low ATP - Can lead to acidosis + infarction
RED FLAGS AND COMPLICATIONS :
REDFLAGS SIGNS : SYMPTOMS :
States
Myocardial Ischaemic
RE D
FLAGS
Unstable
~ * Chest pain - Relieved - Stable
angina
* Pain radiates
Angina ↳ Sustained-Unstable
that 15 minutes NSTEMI STEMI
angina
-
>
↳ ↳ cheet pain 'elephant on chent'
CHARACTERDuring
MI
Heavy
occlusion
-
occuymna
vom
Unstable blockage partial Full
↳ RADIATION - Left side
* Radiation
of pain - Left sided >
-
Can travel to shoulders + neck
> shoulder ↑ Risk of STEMI ↑ Risk of Cardia (
death Elevated UR
-
*
>
-
Neck + Jaw
Stinterval
Breathlessness *
Indigestion
Intervaldepressin
* +
Sweating + Nausea and e m e r i St a
elevation
↑ Risk
Dyspnea
of M1 *
*
Systolic pressure
90mmHg
Swearing
*
* Abrupt deterioration of
angina
*
Hypotension
COMPLICATIONS * Fatiuge
* Thrombosis
* Death * Nausea + Emesis
* Heart Failure
Sinustachycardia bradycara
*
Aneursym
*
Myocardial Rupture
* Pericarditis
VESTIGATION TREATME
TREATMENT
N-i:
range
ON : INITAL
Mor phine (tantiemetic
Oxygen (194 %
Nitrate
a
Aspirin (300mg)
of Q
- Development
> STEMI NSTEMI
* ECG - ST interval + T wave
Aspirin 300 +
Fondaparinux OR
MEDICAL REPERFUSION Unfractionated Heparin
* Assess pain characteristics Radiation n
GRACEscore
>
- Character
Angiography + PCI
,
great Low Risk < 3%
Bleeding Misk High Risk > 3%
* Blood tests Troponin T Troponin more cardio
specific Anti-coag
patient
>
- + 1 >
-
I
↳ Ticagremm
- YES
> Serum level ↑ With 3-12 his of pain
a
Aspirin paint
ComborditeTwic
-HDTAC *
* Blood
testeeG Manage heartd e e
* Assess what
underlying cames
F r E F (FIVE PILLARS OF TREATMENT
#
* Natriuretic peptide levels
* Determine if it is HFrEForHFpEF- Assess ejection Fraction Echo
diagram
> -
Arboasdine
3
ACEi or
est line
Beta Blocker -> With ACEi
-
Use
-> cardio
specific
>
Monitor fluid retention
-
spiranalactone
diuretic
MRAottacium Spaing na se
3
SGLT2i - Must include indication
E Ivabradine - Reduce #R
Dipagaflozin to
-
g 3rd
.
Line -- In addition
So
-
A R N i Sacubril/Valsartan Digoxin- Anti-arrhythmic
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