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A level psychology cognition and development Exam Question & Answers.docx
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A level psychology cognition and development Exam Question & A
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A level psychology: cognition anddevelopment Exam Question & Answers
What did Piaget say knowledge is stored in?- Correct Answers
✅✅schemas
Give the definition of a schema.- Correct Answers ✅✅a mental
structure containing all the information we have about 1 aspect of the
world
Describe Piaget's theory about why we are motivated to learn.- Correct
Answers ✅✅enter a state of disequilibrium which is an
unpleasant sensation when existing schemas can't make sense of
something new
What are the 2 ways of learning according to Piaget - describe what
they are and give an example of each.- Correct Answers
✅✅assimilation - adding new info into existing schema e.g. adding
different dog breeds to a dog schema
accommodation - radically changing existing schemas/creating new
ones in response to dramatically new experiences e.g. adding a cat
schema
Describe Howe et als study.- Correct Answers ✅✅put children
aged 9-12 in groups of 4 to discuss movement of objects down a slope.
Knowledge tested before and after discussion - increased knowledge
but different conclusions after.
,A level psychology: cognition and
development Exam Question & Answers
How can Piaget's theory of cognitive development be applied to
education?- Correct Answers ✅✅make it a more active enviro
where children participate in their own learning e.g. early years playing
with water to learn about its propeties
What was Piaget's sample for his theory of cognitive development?-
Correct Answers ✅✅clever, middle class children taken from a
nursery attached to a uni
True or false - Piaget was domain general.- Correct Answers
✅✅True
What are the 2 types of learning according to Vygotsky and describe
each of them.- Correct Answers ✅✅intermental - between more
and less expert individuals
intramental - in the mind of the less expert
Why did Vygotsky say there will be cultural differences in cognitive
development?- Correct Answers ✅✅the child acquires the
reasoning abilities of those they have contact with
, A level psychology: cognition and
development Exam Question & Answers
What is the zone of proximal development?- Correct Answers
✅✅the gap between a child's current level of development and what
they can potentially understand after interaction with 'experts'.
Give an example of something Vygotsky believed could only be
acquired by interaction with experts.- Correct Answers ✅✅higher
mental processes e.g. reasoning
Define Scaffolding.- Correct Answers ✅✅the process of helping a
learner cross the ZPD
What are the 5 aspects of scaffolding?- Correct Answers ✅✅1)
recruitment
2) reduction of degrees of freedom
3) direction maintenance
4) marking critical features
5) demonstration
Who noted that level of help declines as knowledge increases?- Correct
Answers ✅✅Wood et al
Who provided research support for the ZPD and what did they do?-
Correct Answers ✅✅Roazzi and Bryant - asked 4-5 year olds to
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