Exam (elaborations)
PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW Q&A
- Module
- Institution
PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW Q&A
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Studyguidenotes
Reviews received
Content preview
PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEWQ&A
William James - Answer-founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception
to function in our environment.
Taught first Psychology class at Harvard (1875) and created first Psychology textbook.
Functionalist - Answer-A psychologist who studied the function of consciousness
Sir Francis Galton - Answer-English scientist (cousin of Charles Darwin) who explored
many fields: heredity, meteorology, statistics, psychology, anthropology.
Heredity - Answer-The biological process whereby genetic factors are transmitted from
one generation to the next.
Sigmund Freud - Answer-Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious
causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.
Free Association - Answer-A thought process in which ideas (words or images) suggest
other ideas in a sequence, with or without logical meaning.
Psychoanalyst - Answer-A psychologist who studies how unconscious motives and
conflicts determine human behavior
Ivan Pavlov - Answer-Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary
responses in dogs (1849-1936)
Behaviorists - Answer-Social scientists who focus on the environmental rewards and
punishers that maintain or discourage specific behaviors.
John Watson - Answer-American Psychologist who founded Behaviorism and
established the school of Behaviorism.
B.F. Skinner - Answer-Pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that everything we
do is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments. He is famous for use
of his operant conditioning aparatus which he used to study schedules of reinforcement
on pigeons and rats.
Created the "Skinner Box."
Humanism - Answer-The doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization
through reason.
Tabula Rasa - Answer-"Blank Slate"
, Clinical Psychologists - Answer-Psychologists who specialize in the diagnosis and
treatment of psychological disorders and everyday behavioral problems.
Counseling Psychologists - Answer-Psychologists who specialize in the treatment of
everyday adjustment problems.
Developmental Psychologists - Answer-A branch of psychology that studies physical,
cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
Educational Psychologists - Answer-Work on course planning and instructional methods
Community Psychologists - Answer-Psychologists who work to obtain psychological
services for people in need of help and to prevent psychological disorders by working
for changes in social systems
Experimental Psychologists - Answer-Partake in basic research, research for its own
sake
4 Goals of Psychology - Answer-1.) Description
2.) Explanation
3.) Prediction
4.) Changing Behavior
What are 3 methods data can be collected in Psychology? - Answer-1.) Experimentation
2.) Surveys
3.) Case Studies
Sample - Answer-items selected at random from a population and used to test
hypotheses about the population.
Naturalistic Observation - Answer-Observing and recording behavior in naturally
occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
Case Study - Answer-A detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or
psychological or medical point of view
Survey - Answer-Gathered data of beliefs and/or experience of large numbers of
people.
Longitudinal Studies (Long Study) - Answer-A type of research that involves repeated
observations of the same items over a long period of time (decades)
Cross-Sectional Study - Answer-A study in which people of different ages are compared
with one another
Correlation - Answer-A statistic representing how closely two variables co-vary
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Studyguidenotes. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £12.13. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
50990 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 15 years now