Edexcel A Level History - The experience of British Warfare - chp1 Changes in organising the military. Detailed revision notes made using a range of textbooks and wider reading resources.
British experience of Warfare
1790 - 1918
Timeline 1790 - 1918
1793 - France declares war on Britain
1805 - French fleet destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar
1806 - Congreve’s rockets used in action for the first time in an unsuccessful attack on Boulogne
1815 - Battle of Waterloo, brings the wars against the French to an end
1832 - Graham’s reforms to the Royal Navy improve administration & conditions for seamen
1854 - Outbreak of Crimean War - Battle of Alma - Siege of Sevastopol - Battle of Balaclava
- Florence Nightingale begins hospital reforms at Scutari
- William Russell reports from the Crimea
1855 - McNeill tulloch Report recommends reorganisation of the supply corps & commissariat of
the military
- Mary Seattle opens the British hotel for soldiers in the Crimea
1860 - William Armstrong’s new design of breech-loading artillery begins use in the army
1868 - Secretary of state for war, Edward Cardwell, begins his series of army reforms with the
Abolition of flogging soldiers during peacetime. Further reforms follow over the next 6 years
1871 - The Gatling gun is introduced into the army
1899 - 2nd Boer war beings with Ladysmith, Mafeking & Kimberley all besieged by Boer forces.
- Government censors war correspondents
- Black week sees British forces suffer 3 defeats
1900 - Relief of Mafeking
- Concentration camps for Boer civilians introduced
1901 - British newspaper report Emily Hobhouse’s investigation on concentration camps to the
public
1904 - First Sea Lord Fisher begins reforms in the admiralty to modernise the Royal Navy
1905 - Secretary of state of war, Richard Burdon Haldene, begins reforms to the army that sees
the introduction of the territorial army
1914 - WW1 begins War bonds issued by the government Kitchener’s volunteer army created
Royal Flying Corps being Aerial photography
1915 - Machine Gun Corps form using Vickers machine guns
- Gas weapons used for the first time on the western Front
- German airships begin strategic bombing raids
1916 - Tanks used for the first time during the Battle of the Somme Conscription introduced
1917 - German Gotha bombers attack British cities
1918 - Food rationing introduced
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