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Summary ocr a level physics a chapter 14 notes
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14.1 TemperatureTemperature measure of hotness of an object
on a scale a property that determine
chosen
the direction of any transfer of thermal energy
I If there is a net flow of thermal energy there
will be a temperature change
thermal energy will
always flow from a high temp place to low temp place
zeroth law of thermodynamics
If two objects are each in
thermal equilibrium with a third
No net flow of then all three are in thermal
thermal energy equilibrium
thermal equilibrium
t.IE
of thermalenergy
It7
must be in
c
thermal
equilibrium
Temp can be measured in C K
TCK c 273
Absolute zero
OK 273 C
, 14.2 Kinetic model
liquids
8888 80
0000 Particle are still
particlesvibrate
aroundfixed positions
in a regularlattice
airlfree
É iivePast
each other
have Ek still attracted to
held by strongelectro eachother
static forces of attraction higherEpthan
solid
gases
to
Q
free to move
pasteachother
far apart
higher Ek than
liquid
siteafEtEntatic
I
When heated
solids particlesgain more Etc so they vibrate more
eventually breaking
at of their fixed position and are able
to move freely
iguids particlesgainenough Ek to breakaway from others
escaping the
body of liquid
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