OCEAN-101 Exam 2 Study Guide Questions With Correct Answers A+
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Module
Ocean 101
Institution
Ocean 101
OCEAN-101 Exam 2 Study Guide Questions
With Correct Answers A+
What are the 3 different types of chemical bonds? How are they different? - AnswerCovalent
Bond: Sharing electrons
Ionic bonds: Stealing electors
Hydrogen bond: a weak bond that forms between hydrogen and a negatively charged atom....
OCEAN-101 Exam 2 Study Guide Questions
With Correct Answers A+
What are the 3 different types of chemical bonds? How are they different? - Answer✔Covalent
Bond: Sharing electrons
Ionic bonds: Stealing electors
Hydrogen bond: a weak bond that forms between hydrogen and a negatively charged atom.
Easily formed and broken
Draw a water molecule, label where the Oxygen and Hydrogen atoms are, and what kind of bond
holds them together. - Answer✔H
(Positive side)O< (Negative side)
H
H2O are bonded together by a covalent bonds (They share electrons)
What kind of bond is found between different water molecules? - Answer✔A hydrogen bond is
found between different water molecules.
Is water polar or non-polar? What does that mean and why does that matter? - Answer✔Water is
polar, which means it bends and there is an uneven distribution of electron density.
What is the difference between heat and temperature? - Answer✔Heat: Total energy produced by
vibrations of atoms and molecules
Temperature: a measure of how rapidly the vibrations are happening
What is heat capacity? - Answer✔The amount of heat required to produce a unit change of
temperature in a unit of mass material.
Does water have a high or low heat capacity? - Answer✔Water has a very high heat capacity =
requires a lot of heat to raise the temperature
(Measured in Calories)
What kind of things are explained by water's uniquely [high or low?] heat capacity? -
Answer✔Water has exactly 1 Calorie of heat capacity. It explains why bean sand is way hotter
than the water. This is why temperatures in the ocean (29 degrees to 90 degrees) dont range as
much on land. (-129 F to 250F)
Solid, Liquid, Gas, -- examples of each one? - Answer✔Ice is solid
Water is liquid
Steam is Gas
Water molecules are closest together in which state? Does that mean it's most or least dense in
this state? - Answer✔Water as a Liquid, this means it is most dense
Water molecules are farthest apart from each other in which state? Does that mean its most or
least dense in this state? - Answer✔Gas, least dense.
Which color light gets absorbed first under water? Last? - Answer✔Blue is absorbed last, red is
absorbed first
What is salinity? - Answer✔Salinity is the amount of solid particles dissolved in seawater.
What kinds of processes increase salinity? - Answer✔Evaporation
What kinds of processes decrease salinity? - Answer✔Rivers, Precipitation, Runoff, Melting Sea
ice
How do temperature, salinity, and pressure affect the density of sea water? - Answer✔Higher
salinity means more density, colder temperatures means more density, higher pressure is more
dense.
What are thermoclines, haloclines, and pycnoclines? - Answer✔Halocline: Area where there is a
rapid change in salinity with depth
Thermocline: area where there is a rapid change in temperature with depth
Pycnocline: area where there is a rapid change in density with depth
How does dissolved carbon dioxide affect ocean pH? Why should we care? - Answer✔More of it
creates carbonate ions, which makes the ocean more acidic, which is bad for shelled organisms.
It is caused by more carbon dioxide.
What are some differences between salt water and fresh water? - Answer✔Saltwater has a lower
freezing point and a higher boiling point than fresh water.
What is the most common gas in the atmosphere? The second most common? -
Answer✔Nitrogen is most abundant, oxygen is the second most abundant.
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