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Edexcel GCSE History American West (Complete) Exam Questions and Answers 2025.
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Edexcel GCSE History American West (Complete) Exam Questions and Answers 2025.
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Edexcel GCSE History American West(Complete)
1825 - ANS- Oregon Trail first publicised by explorer Jedidiah Smith.
1836 - ANS- Start of Texan cattle drive to Missouri by the Shawnee Trail.
1862 - ANS- Little Crows war was triggered by a treaty to move into reservations.
However the reservations were not resourceful enough in the winter, the Dakota Sioux
had built up debt with the traders that they were not willing to pay back and settlers
began taking parts of the reservations which were good for farming. They thought it was
time to attack settlers and around 600 white settlers were killed.
1862 - The Reno Gang - ANS- Carried out a train robbery and got away with $16,000.
Later, a fourth attempt got the criminals $96,000 but on a fifth attempt, one gang member
was captured and they gave up.
1864 - ANS- Sand Creek Massacre - After the Treaty of Fort Wise in 1861, Arapaho and
Cheyenne chiefs agreed to move into reservations. Many 'dog soldiers' disagreed. After
three years of raids and attacks, Black Kettle made an agreement with the US officials
and hoped for protection. He set up a camp at Sand Creek but on the 29th of November,
Colonel Chivington led 700 cavalry troops. The Indians displayed a white flag but the
cavalry still massacred over 130 Indians.
1865 - ANS- When the civil war ended (1861-1865) the demand for beef was heightened.
A cow in Chicago was worth $40. However, a cow in the south was only worth $5 dollars
so they had to move their business further north yet, this was prevented by the
quarantine.
1866 - ANS- Goodnight and loving drive cattle to Fort Summer in New Mexico whilst
Kansas farmers are preventing a cattle drive from Texas to Sedalia.
1866-1868 - ANS- Red Clouds War was triggered by the use of the Bozeman trail for
miners wanting to get gold and this broke the Fort Laramie Treaty. Red Cloud and some
men attacked soldiers and workers alongside Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse.
1867 - ANS- McCoy establishes the first cow town, Abilene, Kansas. The railroad was
also built there so that cattle could go straight from Abilene to Chicago.
, 1868 - ANS- President Grants Peace policy aimed to calm the tension between Plains
Indians and the US army. They ensured that those compliant to the reservations were
properly cared for but those non-compliant were to be treated as hostile.
1868 - ANS- The Goodnight and Love trail in extended to Cheyenne in Wyoming.
1868 - ANS- The second Fort Laramie Treaty - After Red Clouds success, the US asked
for him to move hid people into reservations if the Bozeman trail was closed. He agreed
however there were those who disagreed like Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse.
1870 - ANS- Iliffs ranch extends to 16,000 acres of open range.
1870 - ANS- The Pawnee Indians agreed to move into a reservation. Other tribes followed
this to live on reservations in Nebraska. However, the construction of the railroads in this
year began the conflicts which triggered the Great Sioux War.
1871 - ANS- Indian Appropriations act concluded that no American Indian tribes or
nations may be recognised as an independent nation.
1872 - ANS- John Iliff won a contract providing 7,000 Indians with beef.
1873 - ANS- The Timer Culture Act allowed a homesteader to claim a further 160 acres if
he or she promised to plant trees on it. They could act as a windbreak to protect crops,
provide building material and provide fuel.
1875 - ANS- Refrigerator cars developed on trains allowing fresher meat to be
transported and now cows could be slaughtered in cow-towns providing more work.
1876 - ANS- Battle of the Little Bighorn - In this battle, the US were defeated by the Sioux
Nation. Th US had planned to attack and force the Indians back into their territory.
George Custer led 200 men into the valley of Little Bighorn to fin 2,000 Indians warriors.
Crazy Horse led an attack and Custer plus all his men were killed. After this, the Plains
Indians were seen as a larger threat to the public. The US decided
-Plains Indians must be kept in their reservations
-This would be done through military maintained control of the Indians
-Previous treaties could be ignored to due past trespasses of the treaties.
1878 - ANS- Around 40,000 African Americans migrate from Kansas to Southern States.
1878 - ANS- Billy the Kid - Grew up in mining camps. He joined the Lincoln County war
later in life. However, after a friend died, he swore to kill anyone involved with the murder.
In 1881, Billy the Kid was shot dead by Sheriff Pat Garrett.
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