APBI 442 - Secondary Metabolites
Question and answers correctly solved
Anthocyanins - correct answer ✔Red to purple pigmentation
Antioxidant properties; counteract oxidative stress
Attract pollinators and seed dispersers
Proanthocyanidins - correct answer ✔Polymers of flavan-3-ols; tannins
Increased tannin concentration means increased bitterness, structure
Large molecules in skin, small molecules in seeds
Only small molecules in skin are extracted, but it these still account for most of
the tannin concentration found in wine due to the tannin in woody tissues of
the seeds being difficult to extract.
Phenolic acids - correct answer ✔Aromatic acid compounds
Hydroxycinnamic acids in blueberries, cranberries
Ellagic acid in raspberries and strawberries 6
Flavonols - correct answer ✔UV protection in plants
Synthesized in skin cells and accumulate
Yellow pigmentation
Interact with anthocyanins in copigmentation process
flavan-3-ols - correct answer ✔Monomers of tannins
Accumulate in the skin, pulp, and seeds
Red pigmentation
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