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ATSC 231 Block 3 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass
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ATSC 231 Block 3 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What are the three hazards resulting from turbulence - • Loss of Control • Airframe Damage • Passenger Comfort/Safety What is the type of aircraft operation in which turbulence produces the greatest frequency of accidents - part 121 ...

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  • January 8, 2025
  • 41
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • atsc 231 block 3 exam questions and answers 100 p

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ATSC 231 Block 3 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass

What are the three hazards resulting from turbulence - ✔✔• Loss of Control


• Airframe Damage


• Passenger Comfort/Safety


What is the type of aircraft operation in which turbulence produces the greatest frequency of accidents -

✔✔part 121


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what percent of accidents overall are from turbulence (annual trend)? -

✔✔38%


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what is the most common time of year? - ✔✔July (during the summer

with the most convection)


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what is the most common altitude? - ✔✔30,000-35,000 feet


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what is the most common phase of flight? - ✔✔En-route descent and

cruise


What is the difference between Flight (or Limit) Load Factor and Design (or Ultimate) Load Factor? -

✔✔Flight (limit) load factor: category aircraft falls in


Normal is 3.8 Gs to -1.52


Utility is 4.4 to -1.76




Emily Charlene © 2025, All Rights Reserved.

,2|Page


Acrobatic is 6.0 to -3.00




Design (ultimate) load factor: 1.5 greater than Flight Load Factor


(point at which plane breaks)


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what is the worst place within the airplane? - ✔✔Back of the airplane

(aft)


· Be able to identify the average annual number of injuries from turbulence - ✔✔60 per year


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what are is the most common type of person (passengers or flight

attendants) - ✔✔Flight attendants


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what type of turblucence causes the most accidents?




Clear air turbulence


mountain wave turbulence


wake turbulence


unknown turbulence


convective turbulence - ✔✔Convective turbulence


What factors determine the transition from laminar to turbulent flow - ✔✔- Wind speed


- Surface Roughness


- Air Density


- Stability




Emily Charlene © 2025, All Rights Reserved.

,3|Page


- Viscosity


- Other factors


For part 121 turbulence accidents, what is the most common place of injury on the body? - ✔✔Lower

extremity


What is the FAA definition of turbulence? - ✔✔Irregular fluctuations occurring in fluid motions


What are two types of turbulent flow - ✔✔- Wave


- Eddies or Vortices


What is the aviation definition of turbulence? - ✔✔Irregular motion of an aircraft in flight, especially

when characterized by rapid up-and-down motion, caused by a rapid variations of atmospheric wind

velocities.


Which scale represents turbulent motions for aircraft - ✔✔• Turbulence that affects aircraft occurs on the

microscale


What are the factors that determine lift? - ✔✔- Coefficient of Lift (CL )


- Air Density (r)


- Air Speed (V)


- Wing Area (S)


How does the coefficient of lift change with angle of attack? - ✔✔CL increases with AoA, until you stall at

which point Cl decreases


Define load factor - ✔✔- Ratio of the total air load acting on an aircraft to the gross weight of the aircraft


What 3 factors affect load factor in turbulence - ✔✔- Strength of gusts




Emily Charlene © 2025, All Rights Reserved.

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- Airspeed


- Wing Loading


What are some characteristics of waves and eddies? - ✔✔Wave - Regular oscillation of wind




Eddies - Vortices embedded in the mean wind flow


How does airspeed affect load factor - ✔✔- Determines additional lift force generated by gust


- Slower is better (goal is to stall before exceeding design characteristics)




The higher the airspeed the less the AOA changes with a vertical gust


How do vertical gusts affect load factor - ✔✔- Results in


• Change of relative wind


• Change in AOA




The stronger the gust compared to airspeed the more the AoA changes


Define wing loading - ✔✔- Ratio of weight of aircraft to wing surface area


How does wing loading affect load factor - ✔✔- Gust Load Factor is Inversely Proportional to Wing

Loading




A piper archer is much more affected by turbulence than a 747 because the archer has much less wing

loading




Emily Charlene © 2025, All Rights Reserved.

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