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Petroleum Science Final Questions And Answers 2025
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Petroleum Science Final Questions And Answers 2025
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Terms in this set (100) Q&APetroleum Science Final Questions And
Answers 2025
What is petroleum?
oil and gas deposited in sedimentary rocks formed from organic matter that
has transformed over time with pressure and temperature
What are the hydrocarbon resources that can be produced from organic
sediments?
- natural gas
- petroleum
,Terms in this set (100) Q&A
- tar sand bitumen
- coal
- oil shale
What are dry gas and wet gas?
dry gas - contains only traces of other compounds
wet gas - contains significant amounts of ethane, propane, butane, and
higher hydrocarbons
What is a natural gas liquid (NGL)?
condensate fractions of natural gas; hydrocarbons, e.g., ethane, propane,
butane, isobutane, and pentane
What is the composition of natural gas in reservoirs?
mainly methane
What are sweet gas, sour gas, and acid gas?
sweet gas - contains only trace amounts of H2S and CO2
sour gas - contains H2S
acid gas - contains H2S and CO2
What is the main commercial source of helium?
from natural gas plants as byproduct
What are unconventional gases?
natural gases that cannot be recovered by conventional techniques
What is coal bed methane?
a type of unconventional natural gas found in coal deposits or coal seams;
has become an important energy source in many countries
What are gas hydrates?
,Terms in this set (100) Q&A
solid, ice-like deposits incarcerated in clusters of water molecules
What is condensate?
the lightest liquid, essentially NGL in gasoline range
What are the categories of crude oils based on boiling point and viscosity?
light crudes - low B.P., low viscosity, low sulfur
heavy crudes - high density, high BP, high viscosity (>1000 cP)
extra heavy crudes - highest density, highest B.P., highest viscosity (1000-
10000 cP)
What are unconventional oils?
oils that contain hydrocarbons that not only require special recovery
techniques, but also need additional processing and refining into traditional
petroleum products
What are the categories of crude oils based on sulfur content?
sweet crudes - low (<0.5%) sulfur
sour crudes - high (>1.5%) sulfur
What are the differences between extra-heavy oil and bitumen?
they have similar specific gravities, but the viscosity of bitumen (>10000
cP) is higher than extra heavy oil (1000-10000 cP)
What historical event in the U.S. marked the beginning of the modern
petroleum industry?
Colonel Erwin Drake struck oil near Titusville on August 27, 1859
What is OPEC?
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries; a cartel of 15
(currently) member countries that cooperate to reduce market competition
, Terms in this set (100) Q&A
What is a crude assay? Why is it important to refiners and traders? How is
it used?
a compilation of data from pilot plant distillation and bulk properties
measured by testing laboratories that characterizes a specific crude oil; it is
important to crude purchasing and usage of processing/refining capabilities
Name two kinds of crude assay that can be performed on the whole crude
or on its distillation fractions.
full assay - extensive, especially used for new crude oils
inspection assay - for selected tests
What is atmospheric equivalent boiling point (AEBP)?
adjusted boiling points for vacuum distillation because B.P. are different in
a vacuum
How is the total boiling point (TBP) curve constructed?
by combining atmospheric and vacuum distillation runs; very time-
consuming
What is simulated distillation (SimDist)? How does it differ from TBP?
uses gas chromatography to determine the true distillation curve and
predict crude yields; it is quick unlike TBP
What are the most important tests in a crude assay to determine the value
of crude oil?
-API gravity
-viscosity
-sulfur content
-nitrogen content
-metal content
-salt content
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