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Biol 2220 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Pass
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Biol 2220 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 100% Pass 2 types of epithelial tissue - covering and lining, glandular what does covering and lining epithelium do/cover? - limiting boundary of free body surfaces; all skin and cavities open to the environment (we are like a straw) basal layer of coveri...

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  • January 8, 2025
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  • 2024/2025
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  • biol 2220 exam 2 questions and answers 100 pass

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Biol 2220 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass

2 types of epithelial tissue - ✔✔covering and lining, glandular


what does covering and lining epithelium do/cover? - ✔✔limiting boundary of free body surfaces; all

skin and cavities open to the environment (we are like a straw)


basal layer of covering and lining epithelium - ✔✔deep, attaches to dense irregular connective tissue by a

basement membrane


basement membrane components - ✔✔reticular lamina and basal lamina


basal lamina - ✔✔superficial layer of basement membrane; non cellular filter made up of glycoproteins


reticular lamina - ✔✔deep layer of basement membrane; collagen


Does epithelial tissue have blood supply? - ✔✔no it is avascular and dependent on the dermis (dense

irregular CT) for nutrients


What is glandular epithelium? - ✔✔epithelial cells that produce and secrete substances into ducts or body

fluids


What is the foundation for glandular secretions? - ✔✔water based (very occasionally lipid)


What do glands need to function? - ✔✔ATP for active transport out of the cell


exocrine gland - ✔✔gland that releases its secretions through ducts


endocrine gland - ✔✔gland that releases its secretion onto a surface



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where do all secretions inevitably end up - ✔✔bloodstream


unicellular exocrine gland - ✔✔goblet cell, found in PCCE, secrete mucin


merocrine exocrine gland method of secretion - ✔✔vesicular transport/exocytosis


holocrine gland method of secretion - ✔✔product is stored in cells, cells disintegrate, cell has to be

replaced


merocrine gland example - ✔✔sweat, saliva


holocrine gland example - ✔✔sebaceous gland


cardiac muscle characteristics (4) - ✔✔intercalated discs, striations, involuntary, uninucleate


smooth muscle characteristics (2) - ✔✔no striation, involuntary


skeletal muscle characteristics (3) - ✔✔striations, voluntary, multinucleate


Components of connective tissue - ✔✔ground substance, fibers, and cells


ground substance of connective tissue - ✔✔often interstitial fluid


fibers of connective tissue and their functions (3) - ✔✔collagen (strength), elastic (stretch), reticular (mesh

webbing)


4 types of connective tissue - ✔✔connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone tissue, blood


5 types of connective tissue proper - ✔✔1. areolar connective tissue


2. Dense irregular connective tissue


3. Dense regular connective tissue


4. Adipose tissue




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5. Reticular tissue


3 types of cartilage - ✔✔hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage


steps of gastrula development - ✔✔zygote cleaves into 8 cells, which cleave again to form a blastula

(hollow ball of cells), which undergoes gastrulation (infolding) to form a gastrula


ectoderm turns into - ✔✔epithelial and nervous tissue


mesoderm turns into - ✔✔epithelial, connective, and muscular


endoderm turns into - ✔✔epithelium


composition of nervous tissue - ✔✔50% neurons, 50% neuroglia


neuroglia - ✔✔"nerve glue"; many types of cells that support, insulate, and protect neurons but do not

conduct signals


mechanical epithelial defense - ✔✔skin and mucosa block pathogens


chemical epithelial defense - ✔✔acid mantle destroys pathogens


cilia as a defense - ✔✔move things out in respiratory and digestive tracts


integumentary system components (5) - ✔✔skin, hair, nails, glands, sensory receptors


Stratum corneum - ✔✔most superficial layer of epidermis, composed of entirely dead keratinized cells for

protection


stratum lucidum - ✔✔second most superficial layer of epidermis, ONLY IN THINK SKIN, keratinized

dead clear cells


stratum granulosum - ✔✔middle layer of the epidermis, last living layer contains keratohyalin and

lamellated granules




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