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AP Human Geography ALL TERMS Questions and Answers 2025
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AP Human Geography ALL TERMS
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AP Human Geography ALL TERMSHuman geography - answer a branch of geography that focuses on the study of
patterns and processes that shape human interaction with the built environment, with
particular reference to the causes and consequences of the spatial distribution of
human activity on the Earth's surface
Physical geography - answer the study of physical features of the earth's surface
Absolute location - answer the exact position of a place on the earth's surface.
Relative location - answer the location of something in relation to something else
Spatial perspective - answer they way geographers look at everything-- in relation to
space
Map - answera 2D model of the earth or a portion of its surface
Mental map - answerA map which represents the perceptions and knowledge a person
has of an area
Distribution - answerthe frequency or occurrence of something
Pattern - answera consistent or characteristic arrangement
Formal region - answera region marked by uniformity
Functional (nodal) region - answera group of places linked together by some function's
influence on them
Perceptual (vernacular) region - answera region defined by people's beliefs
Remote sensing - answertechnique of obtaining information about objects through the
study of data collected by special instruments that are not in physical contact with the
objects being analyzed
Geographic Information Systems - answera computer program that stores geographic
data and produces maps to show those data
Diffusion - answerthe spread of a culture element or some other phenomena
,Expansion diffusion - answera form of diffusion in which the cultural component spreads
outward to new places while remaining strong in its original hearth
Relocation diffusion - answera form of diffusion that involves the actual movement of the
original adopters from their point of origin to a new place
Acculturation - answeroccurs when the "weaker" of two cultures adopts traits from the
more dominant culture
Assimilation - answerin cultural convergence, this occurs when the original traits of the
weaker culuter are completely erased and replaced by the traits of the more dominant
culture
Transculturation - answeroccurs when two cultures of just about equal power or
influence meet and exchange ideas or traits without the domination seen in
acculturation and assimilation
Contagious diffusion - answera form of expansion diffusion in which numerous places or
people near the point of origin become adopters
Hierarchical diffusion - answeroccurs when the diffusion innovation or concept spreads
from a place or person of power or high susceptibility to another ina leveled pattern
Independent invention - answerin which many hearths invent similar innovations without
knowing about each other
Environmental determinism - answerthe idea that human behavior is controlled by the
physical environment
Possibilism - answerthe idea that the natural environment places limits on the set of
choices available to people
Culture - answerthe sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior
patterns shared and transmitted by the members of society
Cultural diffusion - answerthe spread of culture
Cultural landscape - answertangible result of a human group's interaction with its
environment
Culture hearth - answerarea where innovations in culture began and from which such
cultural elements spread
Culture trait - answera single piece of a culture's traditions and practices
,Culture complex - answera unique combination of culture traits for a particular culture
group
Culture realm - answerA cluster of regions in which related culture systems prevail.
Culture region - answerA region within which common culture charecteristics prevail
Culture system - answercollection of culture complexes that shaper a group's common
identity
Sequent occupance - answertheory that a place is occupied by different groups of
people, each group leaving an imprint on the place from which the next group learns
Folk culture - answerisolated group that has had long-lasting culture traits that have not
changed substantially over time
Popular culture - answermass culture that diffuses rapidly
Commodification - answerthe process though which something is given monetary value
Stimulus diffusion - answerexpansion diffusion in which the innovative idea diffuses
from its hearth outward, but the original idea is changed by the new adopters
adaptive strategies - answerthe unique way in which each culture uses its particular
physical environment
architectural form - answerthe look of housing, effected by the available materials, the
environment the house is in, and the popular culture of the time
authenticity - answerthe truthfulness of origins, attributions, commitments, sincerity,
devotion, and intentions; the quality of being authentic
cultural appropriation - answerthe process by which cultures adopt customs and
knowledge from other cultures and use them for their own benefit
folk culture - answercultural traits such as dress modes, dwellings, traditions, and
institutions of usually small, traditional communities
folk ways - answerany informal norms, virtues, or values characterized by being
followed through imitation and mild social pressure but not strictly enforced or put into
law
folklore - answerconsists of legends, music, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular
beliefs, and customs that are the traditions of that culture, subculture, or group
, maladapted diffusion - answerdiffusion in which image takes precedence over
practicality
material culture - answerthe art, housing, clothing, sports, dances, foods, and other
similar items constructed or created by a group of people
non material culture - answerthe beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values , of a group of
people
placelessness - answerthe loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that
one place looks like the next
popular culture - answercultural traits such as dress, diet, and music that identify and
are part of today's changeable, urban-based, media-influenced, western societies
survey systems - answersystems that are used to collect data
traditional architecture - answertraditional building styles of different cultures, religions,
and places
vernacular - answerthe commonly spoken language or dialect of a particular people or
place
acculturation - answerthe exchange of cultural features that results when groups come
into continuous first-hand contact
adaptation - answeradjusting to a translation based on the cultural environment of the
target language
assimilation - answerthe process through which people lose originally differentiating
traits, such as dress, speech, particularities, or mannerisms when they come into
contact with another society or culture
cultural convergence - answercontact and interaction of one culture and another
cultural divergence - answerthe separation of cultures through less and less contact and
interaction between them; restriction of a culture from outside influences
cultural integration - answerthe process of combining cultures together into one
core / periphery / semi-periphery - answerthe core-periphery idea that the core houses
the main economic power of the region and the outlying region and that the periphery
houses the lesser economic ties with the semi-periphery in-between the two
cultural identity - answerthe way people categorize their culture, sometimes by the way
they dress and what they eat
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