HESI - Medical Surgical Practice Exam
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1. The nurse is assessing a client's lab- B. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dl.
oratory values following administra-
tion of chemotherapy. Which lab val- TLS results in hyperkalemia, hypocal-
ue leads the nurse to suspect that cemia, hyperuricemia, and hyper-
the client is experiencing tumor ly- phosphatemia.
sis syndrome (TLS)?
A. Serum PTT of 10 seconds
B. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dl
C. Oxygen saturation of 90%
D. Hemoglobin of 10 g/dl
2. A client is admitted to the hospital A. Lower left quadrant pain and a
with a diagnosis of severe acute di- low-grade fever.
verticulitis. Which assessment find-
ing should the nurse expect this Left lower quadrant pain occurs with
client to exhibit? diverticulitis because the sigmoid
colon is the most common area for
A. Lower left quadrant pain and a diverticula, and the inflammation of
low-grade fever diverticula causes a low-grade fever.
B. Severe pain at McBurney's point
and nausea.
C. Abdominal pain and intermittent
tenesmus
D. Exacerbations of severe diarrhea
3. During CPR, when attempting to B. Reposition the head to validate that
ventilate a client's lungs, the nurse the head is in the proper position to
notes that the chest is not moving. open the airway.
What action should the nurse take
first? The most frequent cause of inade-
quate aeration of the client's lungs
A. Use a laryngoscope to check for during CPR is improper positioning of
, HESI - Medical Surgical Practice Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_74zce4
a foreign body lodged in the esoph- the head resulting in occlusion of the
agus. airway. A foreign body can occlude
the airway, but this is not common
B. Reposition the head to validate unless choking preceded the cardiac
that the head is in the proper posi- emergency, and should not be the
tion to open the airway. nurse's first action.
C. Turn the client to the side and ad-
minister three back blows.
D. Perform a finger sweep of the
mouth to remove any vomitus
4. A client is admitted to the hospital B. Gram-negative organisms are
with a medical diagnosis of pneumo- more resistant to antibiotic therapy
coccal pneumonia. The nurse knows
that the prognosis for gram-negative The gram-negative organisms are re-
pneumonias (such as E. coli, Kleb- sistant to drug therapy which makes
siella, Pseudomonas, and Proteus) recovery very difficult. Gram-negative
is very poor because: pneumonias affect all lobes of the
lung. The mean age for contracting
A. They occur in the lower love alve- this type of pneumonia is 50 years,
oli which are more sensitive to infec- and it usually strikes debilitated per-
tion sons such as alcoholics, diabetics,
and those with chronic lung diseases.
B. Gram-negative organisms are
more resistant to antibiotic therapy
C. They occur in healthy young
adults who have recently been debil-
itated by an upper respiratory infec-
tion.
D. Gram-negative pneumonias usu-
ally affect infants and small children.
5. A client is placed on a mechanical A. Impaired communication related to
ventilator following a cerebral he- paralysis of skeletal muscles.
morrhage, and vecuronium bromide
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