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Midterm Exam -NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES- GET IT 100% CORRECT - already graded A+£15.18
Midterm Exam: NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|GET IT 100
CORRECT |already graded A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gde4ug
Chronic disease due to bronchoconstric-
Asthma tion and an excessive inflammatory re-
sponse in the bronchioles
coughing
wheezing
What are 5 s/s of asthma shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
-airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-re-
activity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumu-
lation
Pathophysiology of asthma (5)
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth mus-
cle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
smaller passageways that originate from
Bronchioles
the bronchi that become the alveoli
innermost layer
3 layers of the bronchioles middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria the middle layer of the bronchioles
embedded with connective tissue cells
structure of the lamina propria
and immune cells
white blood cells are present to help pro-
purpose of the lamina propria
tect the airways
the WBCs protective feature goes into
How does the lamina propria effect the
overdrive causing an inflammatory re-
lungs in regards to asthma
sponse that damages host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the columnar epithelial ells and mucus pro-
bronchioles contain ducing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the
smooth muscle cells
bronchioles contain
, Midterm Exam: NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|GET IT 100
CORRECT |already graded A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gde4ug
what does the outermost layer of the control the airways ability to constrict and
bronchioles do dilate
When air is unable to move out of the
alveolar like it should due to bronchial
alveolar hyperinflation
walls collapsing around possible mucus
plug thus trapping air inside
the ongoing inflammatory process of
how does hyperinflation occur? asthma produces mucus and pus plug
that the bronchial walls collapse around
-expanded thorax and hypercapnia (re-
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar tention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used
tiotropium and ipratropium
for asthma
These drugs block the effects of the
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
the parasympathetic system is stimulat-
ed by the vagal nerve to release acetyl-
choline which binds to the cholinergic
receptors of the respiratory tract to cause
bronchial constriction = decreased air-
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma
flow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors pre-
vents acetylcholine binding preventing
the bronchial constriction
bronchitis inflammation of the bronchial tubes
bronchial inflammation
hypersecretion of mucus
3 characteristics of bronchitis chronic productive cough for at least 3
consecutive months for at least 2 succes-
sive years
, Midterm Exam: NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|GET IT 100
CORRECT |already graded A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gde4ug
The supply of oxygen to and removal
of wastes from the cells and tissues of
Perfusion
the body as a result of the flow of blood
through the capillaries.
cyanosis
results of chronic bronchitis/ low perfu-
right to left shunting
sion
chronic hypoxemia
Why is there cyanosis with chronic bron- there is hypoxia due to unfavorable con-
chitis ditions for gas exchange
when blood passes from the right ven-
Right to left shunting tricle through the lungs and to the left
ventricle without perfusion
-long term exposure to environmental ir-
ritants
-repeated episodes of acute infection
Causes of bronchitis
(RSV infection in early infancy)
-Factors affecting gestational childhood
lung development (preterm birth)
-Exposure to airborne irritants
- Irritant activates bronchial smooth mus-
cle constriction and mucus secretion
Pathogenesis of bronchitis
- Triggers release of inflammatory medi-
ators from immune cells located in the
lamina propria
most common irritant with bronchitis is? tobacco product smoke
- smooth muscle hypertrophy
- hypertrophy and hyperplasia of goblet
cells
what does long term exposure to irritants
- epithelial cell metaplasia
promote in bronchitis? (5)
- migration of more WBC to site
- thickening and rigidity of bronchial
basement membrane
What does smooth muscle hypertrophy
causes increased bronchoconstriction
do in lungs?
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