This is a download for a pack of flashcards for the 2015 Edexcel History A-level.
This pack is specifically for "The Crimean War, 1854–56" and includes a wide range of facts and information that can be used for revision.
This exact pack of revision cards has allowed me to consistently achieve ...
a) Crimea - war
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1. What was Turkey 9. Where did the at Varna to create a base before
known as? British first land? moving on to the Crimea.
10. How long did it 5 days but the Russians didn't take the
take to offload the advantage and attack.
ships at Varna?
11. How long were the from June 1854 to September 1854.
British immobile
for?
12. Why was the British Disease spread around the ships and
The sick man of Europe.
immobility an issue? 1,000 died without even fighting .
2. What did Turkey To enter the Mediterranean from the
13. Where did the allies unopposed at Eupatoria.
control that the Black Sea, the Russians had to pass
land before the
Russians wanted through the Straits of Dardanelles.
Alma?
to control?
14. Who was the Menshikov + Saint-Arnaud
3. Why did France England wanted to check Russia's power
Russian
and Britain get in the Mediterranean.
commander? +
involved?
French?
France's leader Louis Bonaparte the
opportunity to show France was a 15. When was the September 1854
leading power once again. Battle of the Alma?
4. how did the war In 1853 Russia pressed the Ottoman 16. What was the British a Russian earthwork called the 'Great
come about? Sultan for concessions regarding the objective at the Redoubt'
Ottoman Christian but the he refused so Alma? (trenches coming out of the ground).
Russia invaded.
this is where the Russians had their
In support of Turkey and for their own main artillery
reasons the French and British sent fleets 17. What elite force did the French had 250 Zouave troops but
to the Crimea and were preparing to the French have they were not effective as they had to
land troops. BUT why were they wait for the British who weren't ready
5. When was the 1853: Russian navy attacked the ineffective? until the afternoon.
Battle of Sinope? Ottoman fleet in the port of Sinope. 18. Whats the deal with -the french/ british had little
what happened? the battle of the coordination.
Explosive shells used SO all but 1 Alma?
Turkish ships sunk. -the allies outnumbered the Russia's
It made Britain afraid of their naval 40,000 to 60,000 but still confused.
supremacy.
6. What gave France/ New French Minié rifle had 3x the range -at one point Raglan = unsure of
Britain an of the smoothbore Russian muskets. French positions so order his men to
advantage in it had rifling which made it more lie down to minimise casualties.
weapons accurate and fired a minie ball which
was a powerful projectile. -as the British advanced = the Russians
withdrew with their guns.
7. Had the British NO; infantry in line firing muskets with
style of war artillery support.
-Final push by the Highland Brigade
changed since the
forced the Russians to retreat from the
French Wars?
Great Redoubt.
8. What was the the Commissariat arranged supplies
problem with the BUT after years of relative peace means -BUT Raglan was indecisive and did
commissariat? that it had gone unreformed and not pursue with cavalry for an
untested. advantage.
It was still largely dependent on civilian
contractors which were sometimes
fraudulent + inefficient.
, 19. did Raglan want to YES; BUT the french disagreed and 27. Whats the deal -Lucan saw that the thin red line had
attack Sevastopol were supported by Rgalan's chief with the heavy stood strong against the Russian cavalry
straight after the Alma? engineer Burgoyne who wanted to brigade at SO he moved the British cavalry division
what was done instead? prepare 'proper' sieges. Balaklava? to support them.
SO; the 2 armies marched around -the 800-strong Heavy Brigade Led by
Sevastopol and made a base at Scarlett charged the Russians uphill.
Balaklava which was secure with a
deep harbour. -they broke through the Russians and
British horse artillery fired on the
20. What was the issue with allowed the Russians to scuttle
Russian rear causing them to retreat.
the british preparing their warships in the Sevastopol
proper sieges? harbour
(then came the infamous Light Brigade)...
It allowed the Russians to prepare 28. Who commanded Cardigan
heavy defences. the Light Brigade?
21. When was the Battle of October 1854 29. Whats the deal -Raglan saw the Russian troops
Balaklava? with the light removing allied Turkish guns that he had
brigade at captured earlier.
22. Who commanded the Campbell
Balaklava?
'thin red line'?
-Raglan ordered Nolan to tell Lucan to
23. What did the Allie's it allowed Menshikov to move the send in Cardigan's cavalry.
caution allow the Russian army to occupy the
Russians to do? Causeway Heights overlooking -Lucan could only see the Russian guns
Balaclava at the end of the valley which had more
24. Whats the deal with the -Menshikov saw Turks retreating artillery batteries either side.
'thin red line' at so sent Russian cavalry forward.
Balaklava -Lucan disliked Nolan so they probably
-Russian cavalry were opposed didn't have much discussion...
by the Highlanders of the 93rd
foot. -Nolan was killed by en exploding shell.
-the survivors were only saved by a
-Campbell deployed the French cavalry charge.
Highlanders on the reverse slope
of a hill. 250/670 casualties (40%) = not as large
as might have been BUT it had a huge
-he ordered his men into 2 ranks = impact, particularly on public opinion
encouraged Russian cavalry to 30. What were the 40% casualties.
charge as the norm was to form casualties at the
squares. charge of the
light brigade?
-the 500 highlanders stood their
ground (had minie rifle).
25. Who commanded the Lucan
British cavalry division?
26. Who commanded the Scarlett
Heavy Brigade?
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