A summary of the whole chapter on attachment covering each double page spread with both description (AO1) and evaluation (A03). Great for revising from but also makes it easier to find evaluation points as the book often makes them difficult to understand. Highlighting and reviewing these notes got...
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=>CAREGIVER- INFANT INTERACTIONS
Attachment : emotional bond between 2 people, 2 way process that lead to
certain behaviours such as clinging
Reciprocity :responding to the action of another with a similar action, where the
action of one partner elicits a response from the other partner.
- Creates rhythm, allows caregiver to anticipate and respond
- Considered to be innate (from birth)
Interactional synchrony : when 2 people interact they tend to mirror what the
other is doing: facial and body movements. Including emotions and behaviours
- Considered to be innate (from birth)
- Meltzoff and Moore controlled observation
- Selected 4 stimuli (3 faces + 1 hand gesture) and observed infants
behavioural response
- Recorded observations in real time and was judged by independent
observer (both intra observer and inter observer reliability was
calculated)
- Behavioural categories included:
- Mouth opening
- Termination of mouth opening
- Tongue protrusion
- Termination of tongue protrusion
- Meltzoff and moore suggested imitation is intentional
- Supported by Murray and Trevarthen study
- 2 month old infants first interacted with mother in real time on
tape
- Tape of mother then shown of her not responding to gestures
- Child tries to get mom’s attention: they actively elicit a
response rather than displaying a response that was
rewarded
- Jean Piaget true imitation only develops towards the end of the first
year and anything before was solely response training
- Pseudo imitation : infant had not consciously translated what
they see into a matching movement
STRENGTHS:
- Still face research by Murray and Trevarthen supports Meltzoff & Moore’s
view of real imitation is intentional
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