The Weimar Republic 1919-29

5. Development of Nazi party 1923-29 1. National constituent aembly, Weimar constitution, TofV




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Hitler joined German workers party in 1919, • ‘stab in the back myth’: November criminals undermined war
25 point prograe drew up with Drexler sue
changing name to nsdap and to destroy • Ebert Groener agrment: 10th November 1918
counism, tofv, unite a germans, and one Weimar constitution January 1919: Reichstag, reichstrat, p.r,
party state. president, chanceor, article 48 and bi of rights.
• sa and  created, Beobatcher • Strengths: smaer parties got a voice, president sti had
(newspaper), nstl, Hitler youth, union charge, article 48 gave emergency decr means.
of Nazi lawyers and students. • Weaknees: article 48 t I h power to president, plr led to
• Gained suort tof Streicher, coalitions, aociated with lo at WwI.
Hugenburg and Thyen Tofv: 28th June 1919. War guilt, military cuts, land loes,
bamberg conference February 1926: Fuher reparations, League of Nations.
prinzip and Gauleiter structure, • Diktat view: Germany forced to aept tofv as aies held
outmanoeuvred Drexler and became party blockade
head. • Balanced view: could have bn harsher, not as harsh as Brest-
May 1928: won 2.6% with 32 seats in litsvok which Germany imposed on Ruia.
Reichstag
The Weimar Republic 1919 - 29


2. Political threats from left and right wing
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4. Strengths and weaknees of the economy 3. Reasons for political instability 1919-23 1. Sparticist 1918: held demonstrations, formed kpd in
1924-29: • weaknees in Weimar constitution: January 1919 where they held a general strike of
• renetemark and reichbank article 48 and p.r government buildings and newspapers, led by Luxembourg
• Dawes plan January 1924: reduced • Anger at tofv: war guilt (article 231), and liebknecht crushed by army and Freikorps
reparations to 50m marks a year then reparations (£6.6B) 2. Ka putsch 1920: led by Wolfgang Ka and old army
125m and gave 800 miion loan from USA. • 1923 hyperinflation: printed more bank members. Held a general strike and overthrew spd
• Young plan June 1929: payments reduced notes to kp up with reparation government, only stayed in oice for 3 days.
to £2b given 59 more years to pay payments led to hyperinflation. Mark 1% 3. Munich putsch 1923: led by Hitler, Von Kahr and Von Loow.
strengths: of pre war value. Increased prices: 8th nov marched into br ha in Munich, declared national
Increased foreign investment, rise in German bread cost 219B marks in 1923 revolution. 9th Nov marched into Munich but were met by
exports, hourly wages rose by 10%, production • Franco-Belgium invasion of the Ruhr army who put down threat and kied 14 Nazis. Hitler
levels were the same a pre war levels. 1923: requested holiday from reparation imprisoned for 9 months in Landsberg. Von Loow let o
Weaknees: eatic economic growth, payments, invaded Ruhr and oupied due to judiciary bias.
unemployment sti high at 1.3m, relied heavily mines and raw materials. Germany
of American investment, government government ordered paive resistance,
continuay ran into debt. worsened inflation as had to continue
to pay wages without economic
development.