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Summary Edexcel A Level Biology: Unit 1 notes £5.49
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Summary Edexcel A Level Biology: Unit 1 notes

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For A Level Biology students (Y12 content) Topics include: - the circulatory system - lifestyle and disease - diet and health - gas exchange, cell membranes and transport - proteins and genetics - inheritance *notes based on CGP revision guide

Last document update: 4 year ago

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esknight0101
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

, )
ARTERY
WATER AND TRANSPORT

substances dissolve I

y,¥¥aTTt÷;÷mW
in it n
E-
=p
9. %faIEIfeaus-auiaummdedu.gwauil meesoeecuee
g+

E- a- .


-




⑤ BLOOD

/ \ It ← tomndotheh.mn
'
heart → rest of body
It
② TRANSPORTATION
→ high
DIPOLE allow to
cpaud pressure

oQo+
@
on
.




transport systems .san↳eood
motif
- .
mass


carry raw materials
HYDROGEN
BONDING
↳ remove waste → disposed VEIN
endothelium

#




11111111111
blood back to the heart
THE HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS





low
Truck ) valet Reventlow





pressure
KATIE wall
'
Toutain
supertram y y T p aorta
THIN

← →
pulmonary
artery bloodglow helped by surrounding body muscles
→ ←
to ventricle pulmonary

!!F
t

{ Egerton
← veins
right atrium →




deoxygenated test CAPILLARY
atrium

} pumps oxygenated
amounts




Egypt
-



pumps
blood to
burgs & ventricle restgthetody
blood to


.ci?pi?7i
.de
where metabolic exchange
'
-
occurs




/
cardiac muscle

Jaai77÷÷
- -




between cells and capillaries
minora
'




t
networks of capillaries tissues
'

in

* ventricles have thicker walls p
wall
g left
much thicker
ventricle endothelium
increases
y
surface area


than atrial walls cone cell thick ) → FAST DIFFUSION
cinaud out )
LA L LV L RAL RV


ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES

LUNARV-ftavor.ua/PMMhtylow
HP




¥
LP
behind valve forces it open
f
: high pressure
atria → ventricles
SEMI -




high pressure 'TpoI gvalvejoresithnt
ventricle

pulmonary artery
( only open HP
OPEN CLOSED
one
way )

, CARDIAC CYCLE
BLOOD

atria → ventricles
① VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE ATRIALSYSTOL.LI atria relates
ventricles and atria relaxed
a

,


ventricles contract
.




ventricles are relaxed °

se values open atria gills
.




shut →
pushes blood
AV valves
d volume
°


atria contract T
°



into chambers
into arteries
. wood glows


T pressure inside chambers ( atria ) shut
.
Av valves

pushes blood into ventricles valves open

.
SL

T ventricular pressure T chamber volume ③
!
,



ventricles receive blood groin atria

ventricles arteries
② VENARS¥E ,
ATRIAL DIASTOLE


atria relax
ventricles contract → t volume






T pressure inside chambers ( ventricles )

higher
than in atria
② ①
AV valves
gored shut & also higher than in





(
prevent backflow) aorta and puliuorary artery . atria contract
& pushes blood
valves forced open
.

SL





↳ .
blood forced into arteries
into ventricles




③ CARDIAC Diastole




!!


ventricles and atria relax aerator
SL valves shut
/ Juventus





( in arteries )
higher pressure


blood returns to heart .
atria gills
.
ay .wyqgpgqq magnum atria ,
÷÷;÷, a.w.m.me
. .
. .


→µ,



blood glows passively into ventricles

① ② ③

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