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Study guide

Cage

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Includes a detailed summary of the information needed for A2 exam. Background, Key points of interest, Structure, Melody, Tonality, Harmony, Texture, Sonority, Rhythm & Metre. (FYI Secured B Grade with these notes)

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  • October 14, 2020
  • 14
  • 2019/2020
  • Study guide
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Cage’s Three Dances for
two prepared pianos:
All Pieces


BACKGROUND

- Cage was one of the leading experimentalist composers in the twentieth
century.
- Went down the route of basing structures on new rhythmic directions as well
as exploring new piano sonorities
↪ influenced by:
● oriental music (like Debussy before him)
- particularly Javanese/Balinese gamelan, which consist of mainly percussive
instruments
● Indian rhythmic structures, the tala.
- This work was premiered in early 1945 and written for a dance piece called
‘Dromenon’ by the chorographer Merce Cunningham.
↪ The dance had an African emphasis.
↪ A piano was available but Cage felt a standard piano wouldn’t be suitable to
produce the ethnic quality required.




POINTS OF INTEREST
- Minimalist techniques
- Prepared piano and sonority
- Rhythmic structures
- Percussive quality of piano
- Ethnic influences
- 20th century directions followed by other composers.

, No.1


STRUCTURE

Point Explanation Reference(s)

1st of a set of three that form the ballet:
- 2nd one = slower
- Last one = fast & frenetic



Structure = based on tempo and rhythm
- Temporal proportion is at the heart of the
work’s construction



Micro-macrocosmic structure From 1939 up until mid-1950s,
- Small structure (‘micro’) Cage employed rather original
Repeated in order to create a larger approach to musical structure
structure (‘macro’) - Based upon
mathematical
proportion -------------------
--------------------------- Quartet Romantic
Experiments with rhythmic (1915-1917) & Quartet
structure: Euphometric (1916-18),
- Influenced by Cage’s Cowell
teacher, Cowell

-------------------
---------------------------- ‘In Just’, ‘Five Songs for
Cage’s interest in Rhythm as a Contralto’ (1938), Cage
structural architect: - Develop from idea of
symmetrical
arrangements of
phrase lengths

‘Imaginary Landscapes No.1’,
(1939), Cage
- To grouping of phrases
into larger units
‘First Construction (In metal)
(1939), Cage
- Idea then further
refined and
methodology of
micro-macrocosmic
structure

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