These notes introduce two key philosophies underpinning freedom of expression, including freedom of expression online. The US philosophy, 'the marketplace of ideas', envisages minimal governmental intervention in order to preserve freedom of thought, autonomy and democratic speech. The European philosophy allows for governmental content regulation provided certain safeguards are present. Such differing philosophies regarding the relative value of free speech when balanced with other rights and...

Containing lecture notes, class notes, academic discussion and textbook notes, these notes consider in what ways it can be said that the data protection regime is broad in scope and what objectives such a broadly framed data protection regime seeks to achieve.

States retain control over how their citizens behave in the online environment through a host of laws and regulatory initiatives. Cyber-paternalism has prevailed in this way. Moreover, the divide between countries on critical matters such as online freedom of expression is not a new issue. However, in recent years States have become more vocal in their ambitions for network and, more commonly, data sovereignty, with China and Russia being two good examples. However, other regional initiatives re...

Containing lecture notes, class notes, textbook notes and academic discussion, these notes discuss whether platforms should be held responsible for the illegal content they host and, in particular, what the shift from intermediary liability exemption to a more active duty of care would entail.

Lecture notes, textbook notes, academic articles and class notes on regulating the digital environment. From the London School of Economics and Political Science. Notes consider whether it is possible to regulate the information society given its particular characteristics and, if so, how the information society should be regulated. We shall stray from traditional legal analysis into the wider field of governance or regulation to examine how lawmakers, lawyers and others can bring control and...