Imm250 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

IMM250 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND REVISED ANSWERS NEW UPDATE Which of the following is not a property of adaptive immunity A. Tolerance to self-antigens B. Memory C. High specificity D. Improved secondary responses E. Fast response (within 24 hours) - Answer E. Fast response (within 24 hours) The first antibody isotype expressed by a newly produced B cell in the bone marrow is A. IgA B. lgD C. lgE D. lgG E. lgM - Answer E. lgM IgE are mostly fo...

IMM250 EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (ALREADY GRADED A+) What happens when pathogen breaches barrier - 5 - Answer- 1 - Release of pamps 2 - Detected by PRR 3 - Activates signal transduction 4 - Activates NFkB 5 - Controls production of soluble mediators Acute inflammatory response - 4 - Answer- 1 - Rest 2 - Bacteria comes in -> cytokines 3 - Vasodilation to increase vascular permeability 4 - Infected tissue becomes inflamed - redness, heat, swelling, pain Pro-inflammatory cytok...

IMM250 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS Mechanisms through which neutrophils can kill microbes - Answer- - Antimicrobial peptides - Lysozyme - ROS (reactive oxygen species) - respiratory burst Reactive oxygen species - Answer- ROS are powerful oxidizing factors that kill pathogens - One way that phagocytes kill bacteria is by formation of NADPH oxidase from the combination of subunits(p67, p47, p40 and p22, gp91) which, with O2 forms ROS. Chronic Granulomatous Dise...

IMM250 EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ What is immunodeficiency? - Answer- A disease where there is absent or deficient immune responses. It can affect innate immunity or adaptive immunity and increase the risk of cancer. What is primary immunodeficiency? - Answer- An immunodeficiency that is inherited by genetics What is secondary immunodeficiency? - Answer- An immunodeficiency that is due to external/e...

IMM250 STUDY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS What are cytoplasmic PRRs? - Answer- They recognize MAMPs that are inside the cell, includes Nod-like receptors (NLR) and Rig-I-like receptors (RLR) Why do mucosal epithelial cells have low TLR expression? - Answer- For tolerance of epithelium to normal microbiota? What PRRs are prsent in epithelial cells? - Answer- Only the cytoplasmic NLRs and RLRs are present. What do NLRP receptors recognize? - Answer- DAMPs such as K+ and ROS. ...

IMM250 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED A+) Which of the following changes is seen at infected sites as a consequence of an acute inflammatory response: - Answer- 1. Recruitment of neutrophils 2. Increased expression of cell adhesion molecules on endothelial cells 3. Edema 4. Increased vascular permeability CRP (C-reactive protein) - Answer- 1. An indicator of infection 2. A PRR 3. An opsonin 4. A protein that can activate complement 5. produced in response to IL-6 ...

IMM250 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT How can antibodies defend a host against a virus? - Answer- -Antibodies can neutralize the virus by binding to it before it enters a host cell - Antibodies can bind to virus protein antigens on the infected cell surface leading to complement-mediated or NK-mediated lysis of the cell. In neonatal immunity: - Answer- Protective antibodies are obtained from the mother during pregnancy and breast feeding. A monoclonal antibody preparation...

IMM250 Midterm Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers What is the difference between prebiotics and probiotics? - Answer- Probiotics are live bacterial cultures that have beneficial effects on health (unproven) Prebioticsare food for probiotics - non digestible carbs that provide energy source for bacteria What are the harmful effects of gut bacteria? - Answer- Too much- ie appendix bursting causes peritonitis which can be very severe. In the wrong area - ie UTI Microbiota and Obesit...

IMM250 CHAPTER 1-5 TOPHAT CHAPTER ONE 1. Edward Jenner’s experiment was based on his observation that dairy workers seemed immune to smallpox. He performed a famous experiment on an eight-year-old boy named James Phipps. Which of the following best describes the crucial and innovative step of Jenner's experiment and its rationale? A: Jenner, before subjecting James to variolation, inoculated him with cowpox. Jenner thought that persons infected with cowpox developed a form of immunity ...