CSFA EXAM 2023 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

This particular opportunistic pathogen is responsible for about 90% of all cases of pharyngitis a. streptococcus pyogenes b. pseudomonas c. S. epidermis d. staphylococcus arureus - Answer- a. streptococcus pyogenes All of the following are opioids except a. demerol nyl c. alfenta d. ketamine - Answer- d. ketamine Clostridium are gram-positive, spore-forming rods that are a. aerobic b. anaerobic - Answer- b. anaerobic In patients who develop fever, abdominal pain, and profuse diarrhea, the most frequently seen antibiotic-associated enterocolitis is due to which of the following organisms? a. pseudomonas aeruginosa b. clostridium difficile c. enterobacter cloacae d. enterococcus faecalis - Answer- b. clostridium difficile Which of the following is an example of a high-level disinfecting agent? a. iodophor solution b. isopropyl alcohol c. glutaraldehyde d. quaternary ammonium - Answer- c. glutaraldehyde The transmission of the pain stimulus from the periphery to the brain a. conduction b. transduction c. nociception s. synaptic transmission - Answer- d. nociception An adult male is injured in an automobile accident at 2am, an exploratory laparotomy for possible perforated bowel is initiated at 5 am, which of the following is the BEST wound classification in this scenario a. dirty or infected b. contaminated c. clean d. clean-contaminated - Answer- b. contaminated During coagulation, thrombin unites with fibrinogen, a blood protein, to form a. fibrin b. ADP c. thromboplastin d. prothrombin - Answer- a. fibrin Thrombin + fibrinogen = fibrin Which of the following is commonly used for inhalation induction a. entlurane b. desflurane c. halothane d. isoflurane - Answer- c. halothane A wound that is known to be infected at the time of surgery and is left open to be closed at a later date is categorized as a. granulation b. delayed primary closure c. second intention d. first intention - Answer- b. delayed primary closure Infections due to streptococci or clostridia may become severe with in ______ hours a. 24 b. 72 c. 12 d. 48 - Answer- a. 24 The drainage system associated with increased infection rate in clean wounds a. pleuravac b. penrose c. Jackson-pratt - Answer- b. penrose If the tension on the wound is extreme (as in the case of tendon or abdominal fascia), the wounds must be protected from stress for about 6 weeks, at which time wound strength is ________ of normal a. 3% b. 10% c. 35%-50% d. 10%-35% - Answer- c. 35%-50% Whereas a typical wound infection is first seen with low-grade fever, wound erythema, and tenderness 72 hours or later after surgery, the multi,icrobial soft-tissue infection (necrotizing fasciitis) manifests itself within _____ postoperative hours with a high temperature (103°F), confusion, agitation, and a watery foul-smelling discharge from a discolored, often necrotic wound. Blebs and crepitus could be present if anaerobic bacteria are involved. Typically, a Gram stain of the fluid exhibits a Gram-positive or polymicrobial involvment. a. 72 hours b. 48 hours c. 94 hours d. 24 hours - Answer- b. 48 hours Most wound infections do not become evident clinically for _____ days or longer after operation a. 5 b. 7 c. 3 d. 10 - Answer- a. 5 A hypertrophic abnormal raised, thicken scar that extends beyond the normal borders/margins of the normal scar due to excessive dense collagen formation. a. hypertrophic scar b. cicatrix c. keloid d. eschar - Answer- c. keloid During First intention healing, the wound heals ______ across the incision line a. side to side b. end to end c. bottom to top d. top to bottom - Answer- a. side to side The T wave is indicated of a. ventricular repolarization b. ventricular depolarization c. atrial depolarization - Answer- a. ventricular repolarization P waves display a. ventricular depolarization b. ventricular repolarization c. atrial depolarization - Answer- c. atrial depolarization Cryoprecipitate is a product derived from plasma that has been frozen and the thawed. It is rich in clotting factors such as factor VIII and fibrinogen. Cryoprecipitate is administered to patients with bleeding due to _____________ deficiencies a. plasma b. albumin c. platelet d. fibrinogen - Answer- d. fibrinogen ________ begins with the physical stimulus to an electrical signal by free nerves endings in the tissues "damaged tissue releases chemical substances locally that stimulate these nerves endings" a. conduction b. nociception c. transduction d. synaptic transmission - Answer- c. transduction Surgical patient fluid and electrolyte abnormalities; the type of fluid replaces will depend in most cases on the serum electrolyte profile. If electrolytes are relatively normal in the face of obvious volume depletion, losses can be assumed to be isosmotic with plasma and should be replaced with a a. isotonic saline ced salt solution, such as Ringer's lactate c. 5% dextrose in water d. hypertonic saline - Answer- b. balanced salt solution, such as Ringer's lactate __________ are used in cases where bleeding is due to thrombocytopenia or platelet-function abnormalities. For adults pooled platelets or single-donor aphaeresis platelets are usually ordered. a. fibrinogen b. platelets c. albumin - Answer- b. platelets This hemostatic agent is made from the raw material collagen (processed bovine tendon) and promotes platelet aggregation. This agent and the instruments and gloves used to apply it must be dry because it adheres extremely well to anything moist. a. avitene b. surgical c. gelfoam d. helistat - Answer- d. helistat The cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, and proximal portion of the transverse colon blood supply is from the __________ artery a. inferior mesenteric b. superior mesenteric c. left colic d. iliac - Answer- b. superior mesentery artery The following symptoms would represent a _____________ burn classification: Can be red or white in appearance, but will appear dry, involves destruction of the entire epidermis and most of the dermis, sensation may be present, but diminished, blanching is sluggish or absent. a. first degree b. second degree c. third degree d. fourth degree - Answer- b. second degree A congenital complex malformation in which only one artery arises from the heart to form the aorta and pulmonary artery a. Ebstein's anomaly b. tetralogy of Fallot c. patent ductus arteriosus d. truncus arteriosus - Answer- d. trunks arteriosus During a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), the internal mammary artery (IMA) is also commonly used as a graft due to its durability. The internal mammary artery, also referred to as the internal thoracic artery, is located in the inside of the chest cavity running along both sides of the sternum and arises from the ________________ artery. a. left common carotid b. subclavian iocephalic d. left pulmonary - Answer- b. subclavian The signs of hypovolemic shock are postural hypotension, cutaneous vasoconstriction, sweat gland stimulation collapse of the neck veins, concentration of urine, oliguria, and decreasing hematocrit with administration of fluids. a. true b. false - Answer- a. true Cardiogenic shock can arise from an arrhythmia, ischemia-induced myocardial failure, valvular or septal defects, systemic or pulmonary hypertension, myocarditis, or cardiomyopathies. The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of a known history of cardiovascular disease in junction with an abnormal ECG in a patient in shock with distended neck veins. a. true b. false - Answer- a. true This solution is a combination intravenous fluid containing fixed amounts of dextrose, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and lactate. a. lactated Ringers b. dextrose c. crystalloid d. normal saline - Answer- a. lactated