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Name the 6 areas of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) Planning, Defining, Designing, Building, Testing , Deployment What is the planning area of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) also known as? Requirements Analysis What is the international standard for software lifecycle processes? ISO/IEC 12207 What is the draw back to the Waterfall approach to software development? It is serial, so each phase must be complete for others begin and the value is not achieved until the end of the whole process. Quality can also be a challenge. What are the objectives of Lean? Eliminate waste, just-in-time, Continuous Improvement (Kazan) What is the name for the application of Lean to software development? Agile How many principles in the Agile Manifesto? 12 What are the principles of Agile? close, daily cooperation , co-location, working software is measure of success, simplicity, changing requirements are welcomed, What design pattern do Django and Flask use? Model-View-Controller (MVC) Design pattern What pricniple does the Model-View-Controller (MVC) Design pattern leverage? separation of concerns (SoC) principle - decouple an application's interdependencies and functions from its other parts, How many components in the Observer design pattern? 2 - subject and observer. How does a subject know to send info to an observer? The subject has a registration process that allows other components of an application or even remote systems to subscribe to the process and the notified whenever there is a change in the subjects data. What does Bash stand for? Bourne Again Shell How do you move up one directory in bash? cd .. How do you list current directory including hidden files? $ ls -a How do you Lists permissions and user and group ownership? $ ls -l How do you make a new directory called test at /home/username/test $ mkdir /home/username/test How do you rename a file called to $ mv How do you force the deletion of the folder test and everything in it? $ rm -rf test How do you create a range of empty files called to ? $ touch file{1..20}.txt In Bash, how do you display the contents of and pipes the output to more to add page breaks? $cat | more In Bash, how do you view a variable value? "You can use the echo command and the variable you want to view $ echo $PATH" In Bash, how do you update a variable? "you use the export command, allows you to append your additional path to BASH and exists for the duration of the session $ export PATH=$PATH:/Home/chrijack/bin" In Bash, if you've updated a variable how to do you retain the update for other sessions? "You need to write the path statement to your .bashrc (or .zshrc if using Z shell) profile settings $ echo ""export PATH=$PATH:/Home/chrijack/bin"" .bashrc" In Bash, how do you reload reload the variables from the hidden configuration file .bashrc? "You can use the source command - . Is an alias for source: $ source ~/.bashrc or $ . ~/.bashrc" Who invented Git? Linus Torvalds Is Git the same as GitHub? No, GitHub is not Git. GitHub is a cloud-based social networking platform for programmers that allows anyone to share and contribute to software projects (open source or private). Git is a distributed version control system What are the three main structures of Git? Local workspace (stores files)/ Staging area:(stores files for synchronisation)/ Head, or local repository (store committed files) What stages can a file be in? Untracked, unmodified, modified, staged How do you move a file from untracked to tracked? Use the git add command How do you move a file from modified to staged? Use the git add command How do you check the status of files in Git? git status How to move a file from staged to local repo? git commit How to start a local repo? "Either use: $git clone or: #git init newrepo" How do you remove a directory and all it's contents in Git? "git rm -r -f folder -r option to remove recursively.- ie all the contents use the -f option to force removal from the index." How do you move or rename of a file in Git? "# git mv -f also updates the index at the same time, so there is no need to issue git add to add the change to Git. can use the -f argument if you are trying to overwrite an existing file or directory where the same target exists" How to you add files to your local repo on your machine? "git commit [-a] [-m] ""your commit message"" -a option tells Git to add any and all changes you make to your files to the index." If you git init a directory, how do you add a remote Git repo to track? "# git remote add origin git remote add (name) (url) git remote -v can be used to show which remote repository is configure" What if you make a mistake or want to remove remote tracking of your remote repository? "git remote rm (name) Again, '#git remote -v' to check" How do you tell Git to sync your local repository to the remote repository? "git push (remotename) (branchname) you can reference a branch name with git push in order to store your files in a separately tracked branch from the main repository. # git push origin master" How do you sync any changes from the remote repo? "git pull (remotename) (branchname) Merges with local repo - conflicts are dealt with in the same way as git merge" How can you check your commit history? git log How do you create new branch? git branch branchname [commit] How do you delete a branch? git branch (-d) branchname How do you check which git branch you are in? "# git branch *master newfeature * symbolises the working branch" How do you move branch? "git checkout [-b] (branchname) The -b argument allows creating the branch and checking it out (switching to it) all at the same time. #git checkout newfeature" How do you merge a git branch with master? "First, commit your existing branch, and then change back to master. #git commit -a -m ""new feature"" #git checkout master Then issue git merge command identifying the other branch: # git merge newfeature" How can you check the differences between the index and your last commit? "git diff --cached You have to have added first" Hwat does git diff HEAD show? shows the differences between your most recent commit and your current working directory. Useful for seeing what will happen at your next commit. What does /dev/null mean in a git diff output? It means the file didn't exist before, and is a new addition How do you pull down a remote repo? git clone url How do you activate a virtualenvironment in Windows? Scripts1 How do you create a virtualenv in Bash and Windows? python3 -m venv myvenv How do you activate a venv in Bash? source myvenv/bin/activate How do you turn off a virtual environment? just type 'deactivate' Hw do you load a requirements file if someone has included in their code? pip install -r How do you build your own requirements file? "pip freeze or pipenv run pip freeze " What are the rules for naming a Python function? "Must not start with a number Must not be a reserved Python word, a built-in function (for example, print(), input(), type()), or a name that has already been used as a function or variable Can be any combination of the A-Z, a-z, 0-9 and the underscore (_) and dash (-)" How would you allow a function to use an unlimited number of arguments or keyword args? " Python allows you to use and (often referred to as args and **kwargs) to define any number of arguments or keyword arguments. How should you differentiate a Class name from a function name? Pep8 (introduced in Chapter 3) recommends capitalizing a class name to differentiate it from a variable. How do you symbolise inheritence in Classes? Reference the parent class when creating the class: eg class Switch(Router): How do import modules from you own file? from device import Router, Switch What is the difference between datetime and time libraries? datetime allows you to create, format, and work with calendar dates and time. Time allows you to add time-based delays and clock capabilities What is netmiko? "connection-handling library makes it easier to initiate SSH connections to network devices (pre-API devices)from netmiko import ConnectHandler" What is pysnmp? This is a Python implementation of an SNMP engine for network management What is napalm? Network Automation and Programmability Abstraction Layer with Multivendor Support) is a Python module that provides functionality that works in a multivendor fashion What is nornir? An extendable, multithreaded framework with inventory management to work with large numbers of network devices What is pyats? pyats is an incredible framework for constructing automated testing for infrastructure as code. When opening a file with open('', 'a') - what does 'a' stand for? Open for writing, appending to the end of the file if it exists How is JSON made up? It is made up of key/value pairs, with {} and [] There is no comma at the end of a block What command imports native JSON and convert it to a Python dictionary (from JSON module)? load() What command imports JSON data from a string for parsing and manipulating within your program (from JSON module)? loads() What command writes JSON data from Python objects to a file (from JSON module)? dump() What command takes JSON dictionary data and convert it into a serialized string for parsing and manipulating within Python. (from JSON module)? dumps() How is XML made up? "XML has a tree structure, with the root element being at the very top, parent/child relationship between elements Elements have a start tag ()and a closing tag (/)." Using the XMLTODICT module, how do you convert the data? ".parse with open(""xml_"") as data: xml_example = () xml_dict = (xml_example)" How do you convert back to XML? "with unparse (and use pretty=True to make easier to read). print(se(xml_dict, pretty=True)) ?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?" How is YAML made up? uses Python-like indentation to differentiate blocks of information, with JSON syntax (but features like comments which aren't available in JSON). Related data is at the same indent Which module would you import for YAML? PyYaml How do you convert from YAML to Python and back? to convert from YAML objects into Python and to convert back to YAML. What safety feature exists when you convert YAML to Python? " Requires that you add an argument to tell it which loader you want to use. This is a security precaution. with open(""yaml_"") as data: yaml_sample = () yaml_dict = (yaml_sample, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)" How can you test for errors? try-except-else-finally What is a unit test? test that is conducted on small, functional aspects of code Other than Unit Testing what other types of testing are there? Integration and Functional Testing When you create a class in unittest what does it need to inherit? unittest.TestCase What does your file name and test functions need to be called? "They need to start with ""test_"" to run automatically, and functions need to include (self) as an argument" In unittest how do you check if it generates an error? tRaises(ValueError, area_of_circle, -1) To automatically run the unittest what do you need to put under the if __name__ == '__main__':? () How do you start the Unittest Test Runner? $ python -m unittest or python3 -m unittest -v (-v for verbose) How do you skip a test in unittest? "Use the decorator: @(""WIP"")" How do you create a Test Fixture with unittest? CONTINUED..