KNES 365 Pathologies Questions with correct answers
Prevention of thigh --> pelvis injuries Correct Answer-1. Strength
2. Flexibility
3. Cardiovascular and muscular endurance
4. Core stability
Concentrate on dynamic stretching of quadriceps, hamstrings, and groin
muscles
Thigh Quad Contusion Correct Answer-Etiology =
!Traumatic blunt blow (severe impact) !Extent of force and degree of
relaxation"
depth and functional disruption
Signs and symptoms =
!Pn, transitory loss of function, and immediate effusion with palpable
swollen area
!Graded 1-4 = Superficial to deep with increasing loss of function
(decreased ROM and strength)
Management =
!POLICE, NSAIDs, and analgesics !Crutches for more severe cases !
Aspiration of hematoma is possible !Follow-up care consists of range of
motion
(ROM) and PRE within pain-free range
,!Heat, massage, and ultrasound to prevent myositis ossificans
HETEROTROPHIC OSSIFICANS (MYOSITIS OSSIFICANS) Correct
Answer-Etiology =
!Ectopic bone forms after repeated blunt trauma !Gradual deposit of
calcium and bone formation
! May be the result of improper thigh contusion treatment
Signs and symptoms =
!X-ray shows calcium deposit 2-6 weeks following injury !Pain,
weakness, swelling, and decreased ROM, PT
Management =
!Treatment must be conservative
! May require surgical removal because of pn & decreased ROM
Hamstring Strain Correct Answer-Etiology =
! Change in role, fatigue, posture, leg length
discrepancy, lack of flexibility, strength imbalances
Signs and Symptoms =
Muscle belly or point of attachment pain
! Gd 1: soreness, PT
! Gd 2: <70% fibers torn; sharp snap, tear, pn, loss of function
, ! Gd 3: rupture, major hemorrhage, disability, edema, loss of function,
palpable gap
Management (conservative
QUADRICEPS STRAIN Correct Answer-Etiology =
!Sudden, violent, and forceful contraction of hip
and knee into flexion !Overstretching of quadriceps
Signs and symptoms =
!Pain, point tenderness, spasm, loss of function,
and little discoloration ("w/ severity) !Complete tear may leave patient
with disability,
discomfort, and some deformity
Management =
Grade 1
Tightness, near normal ambulation
*Neoprene sleeve*
Grade 2
Abnormal gait, swelling & possible defect felt
*I.C. for 3-5 days, isometric exercises*
Grade 3
Unable to ambulate, loss of knee function, defect
Prevention of thigh --> pelvis injuries Correct Answer-1. Strength
2. Flexibility
3. Cardiovascular and muscular endurance
4. Core stability
Concentrate on dynamic stretching of quadriceps, hamstrings, and groin
muscles
Thigh Quad Contusion Correct Answer-Etiology =
!Traumatic blunt blow (severe impact) !Extent of force and degree of
relaxation"
depth and functional disruption
Signs and symptoms =
!Pn, transitory loss of function, and immediate effusion with palpable
swollen area
!Graded 1-4 = Superficial to deep with increasing loss of function
(decreased ROM and strength)
Management =
!POLICE, NSAIDs, and analgesics !Crutches for more severe cases !
Aspiration of hematoma is possible !Follow-up care consists of range of
motion
(ROM) and PRE within pain-free range
,!Heat, massage, and ultrasound to prevent myositis ossificans
HETEROTROPHIC OSSIFICANS (MYOSITIS OSSIFICANS) Correct
Answer-Etiology =
!Ectopic bone forms after repeated blunt trauma !Gradual deposit of
calcium and bone formation
! May be the result of improper thigh contusion treatment
Signs and symptoms =
!X-ray shows calcium deposit 2-6 weeks following injury !Pain,
weakness, swelling, and decreased ROM, PT
Management =
!Treatment must be conservative
! May require surgical removal because of pn & decreased ROM
Hamstring Strain Correct Answer-Etiology =
! Change in role, fatigue, posture, leg length
discrepancy, lack of flexibility, strength imbalances
Signs and Symptoms =
Muscle belly or point of attachment pain
! Gd 1: soreness, PT
! Gd 2: <70% fibers torn; sharp snap, tear, pn, loss of function
, ! Gd 3: rupture, major hemorrhage, disability, edema, loss of function,
palpable gap
Management (conservative
QUADRICEPS STRAIN Correct Answer-Etiology =
!Sudden, violent, and forceful contraction of hip
and knee into flexion !Overstretching of quadriceps
Signs and symptoms =
!Pain, point tenderness, spasm, loss of function,
and little discoloration ("w/ severity) !Complete tear may leave patient
with disability,
discomfort, and some deformity
Management =
Grade 1
Tightness, near normal ambulation
*Neoprene sleeve*
Grade 2
Abnormal gait, swelling & possible defect felt
*I.C. for 3-5 days, isometric exercises*
Grade 3
Unable to ambulate, loss of knee function, defect
