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Globalization - The Great Unbundlings

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Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)

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globalization the great unbundlings

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Lecture 1
Tuesday, February 4, 2020 2:59 PM

Climate change or technology

Pre-globalization

Consumption was chasing production

Africa ----> Middle east

Autarky - where production and consumptions bundles together ( phase 1 o phase 2)

Main parts of the course
" Pre-globalization:
— Phase2: Localizing the global
economy (10,000 BCE-1820 CE)
Forthefirst time, the Neolithic Revolution
broughtforthe first time food to people
(production was coming to consumption).
Rise of the major ancientcivilizations in
what we knowtodayas : Middle East
(Irak, Iran, Turkey), Asia (China,
India/Pakistan), Europe (Italy/Greece);
Formationoffirst majorcities (e.g.
Babylon) andfirst bundling of production
and consumption
The steam revolution shifted phase 2 to
phase 3

This is this still the pre-globalization because technology was still not at a good enough level

1760 came the steam revolution / Industrial revolution
Transportation became faster, cheaper

Main parts of the course
" First phase of globalization (1820-
1990):
Industrial revolution and steam revolution
reduced transportation costs, making
possible the rise of the “first unbundling”
between production-consumption
Formation ofthe first major industrial
districts
While production-consumption were
unbundled, production remained bundled
in the “North”, in those districts.

Key
Bie Bh onen
, a Sven

Many things were clustered in the same area because humans could not move/ they wanted to be ablw to walk if there was any disruptions.

Globalization and the great Unbundelings Page 1

, Main parts of the course Exampleof production network for auto parts

" Second phaseof globalization we =—
( 990-present): ae — _
The ICT revolution madepossible the _— \ >
unbundling of production cere
* Coordination from distance becamepossible ie 8
for the first time and facilitated fragmentation “san =m
of production and its deploymentto the ees
“South”
* Bits and pieces of production was
geographically dispersed and
assembled/tested in one country
* Technical change in transportation
contributedtothisdeployment

ICT made it possible to conduct production activities from the north to the south so it allowed the process to be dispersed
Technology has made it possible to transport ( cargo industry by air or by sea )
This gave the second wave to c=globalization
2/3 of global trade intermediate goods ( compared to the first phase which was about finished goods)

Main parts of the course
" Second phase of globalization
(1990-present):
* Low-skilled jobs are deployed to the
“South” —
* The'global economyis structured along Production) ose
“hubs” defined by U.S., Germany and‘
Japan

#
®
Se? =
2’:
e\ 2

Main parts of the course
I Kenuanianof the earth's economic centre of gravity
WO tte
Somepresent impacts of
globalization:
* Shift in the gravity centre of the global
economywith an impact on global
production/incomedistribution
* Middle class continuesto fall behind

In the second phase completely revised
China is the main story of the second phas

‘Source: ¥iaed Damaoane iGOP im US dollars) ans Maconon sara ore IHO. th authors carcuations,

The gravity center was moving from America to Europe to Asia

Globalization and the great Unbundelings Page 2

,The gravity center was moving from America to Europe to Asia

For question nester template - bring them - collection is in the first hour
Attend full hours for the bonus
course book updated this morning
Rules and regulations
Sequence of presentation --- your presentation 3 building blocks ( the big picture the details ' knity gritty' l and key points)

Globalization and the great Unbundelings Page 3

, Lecture 2
Tuesday, February 11, 2020 3:02 PM

Objectives of this lecture
" Coverthe period 200,000 BCE to 1820 CE
" How production-consumption evolved and respective patterns
" The contributing factors
" Long period which can usefully sliced into meaningful episodes:
" Episode 1: Humanizing the globe
" Episode 2: The agriculture revolution and the great bundling
" The rise of Middle East/Asia
" Eurasian integration
" The rise of Europe

The south was the frontier of the global economy
Eurasian integration

ee

Preamble
" BCE=Before commonera
As opposed to :
" CE=Commonera
" BCE is also referred to as BC=Before Christ
As opposed to
* AD=Anno Domini (The year of our Lord).
So:
" BCE=BC
" CE=AD

Globalization and the great Unbundelings Page 1

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