100% tevredenheidsgarantie Direct beschikbaar na je betaling Lees online óf als PDF Geen vaste maandelijkse kosten
logo-home
Summary Enzyme kinetics €9,07
In winkelwagen

Samenvatting

Summary Enzyme kinetics

 0 keer verkocht
  • Vak
  • Instelling

This summary covers all the details about enzyme kinetics and essential equations. It covers the Mechaelis-Menteen, Km, catalytic efficiency, how to analyse kinetic data/curves, Lineweaver-Burke plot, Hofstee-Eadie plot, Hanes-Woolf plot, and calculation from kinetic data.

Voorbeeld 2 van de 5  pagina's

  • 26 oktober 2022
  • 5
  • 2022/2023
  • Samenvatting
  • Onbekend
avatar-seller
Enzyme Kinetics

Michaelis-Menteen Equation




0- Obeys the 1st order

Plateau : obeys the zero order
- add more [S] but no effect on V Max




-
- the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half the maximal rate
- When [S] is low ([S] <
Approximates
The initial rate is proportional to [S]
- When [S] is high ([S] >
Approximates
The initial rate s dependent of [S]
- If an enzyme has low it achieves maximal catalytic efficiency at low [S] : enzyme has high affinity for substrates
- different btwn enzymes and substrates
- changes upon pH and temperature


is the dissociation equilibrium constant for the M-M complex
As decreases, the affinity of the enzyme for the substrate increase
is a measure of enzyme's substrate affinity, assuming that
- so higher the , high [S] needed to reach

Example of : sensitivity to alcohol CH3CH2OH + NAD+ = CH3CHO + H + + NADH
- Acetaldehyde is normally processed by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase CH3CHO + NAD + = CH3COO- + NADH + 2H +
- Most people have 2 forms of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (different isoforms)
→ low mitochondrial enzyme
→ high cytosolic enzyme
- Some individuals have less active mitochondrial enzyme = due to a single amino acid mutation
→ alcohol mostly processed by the cytosolic enzyme
→ cytosolic enzyme has high = less alcohol is converted to acetaldehyde = more alcohol in blood

Catalytic Efficiency of Enzymes




- is the rate limiting step
- is the turnover number:
- : number of reaction processes that each active site catalyses/ unit time
- Larger the substrate molecule, smaller the value


Summary
- when [S] << low ES formed measure of substrate binding affinity
- so [E] = [ : measure of turnover efficiency
- measure of catalytic efficiency

Catalytic efficiencies of similar enzymes from different
species are approximately the same
Uses of

1. Know enzyme's substrate preference (substrate specificity)


Enzymes Page 1

, 1. Know enzyme's substrate preference (substrate specificity)
- Higher the the better the enzyme works on that substrate (high efficiency)
- Eg) Chymotrypsin: protease that prefers to cleave (hydrolyse) bulky hydrophobic/aromatic side chains
→ its active site best accommodates such AA side chains
→ also catalyse hydrolysis of ester bond with hydrophobic/aromatic R-group on carboxylic acid component
→ more hydrophobic, higher the enzyme's efficiency

2. Enzyme's catalytic efficiency

Catalytic Perfection : when enzyme encounters a substrate, product always formed




- The ratio is maximal (btwn enzyme and substrate) when = when formation of [P] from [ES] is faster than [ES] breakdown into [E] + [S]

- ,
- , but cannot be faster than the rate of collision of reactants = diffusion-controlled limit (108-109 M-1s1)
- With this value, the enzyme must catalyse a reaction almost every time they encounter a substrate

Kinetic Data Analysis

1. Lineweaver-Burke Plot




Disadvantages
Plot of 1/ vs 1/S is linear 1. Most measurements of [S] are high values, so most of the 1/[S]
values are crowded on the left side of the graph, so drawing a
straight line is difficult and inaccurate
- Slope =
2. For small [S], small errors in leads to large errors in 1/ and
- y-axis intercept = 1/ hence large errors in
- x-axis intercept = -1/ - 1/ approaches infinity as [S] decreases
- gives inaccurate measurements at low [S]
- insufficient measurements at high [S]


2. Hofstee-Eadie Plot




Slope = -Km
Y-axis intercept = Vmax
Assumption: Vmax is reached = limitation
Limitation: subject to large error since both coordinates contain dependent variable Vo




3. Hanes - Woolf Plot




Enzymes Page 2

Dit zijn jouw voordelen als je samenvattingen koopt bij Stuvia:

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Studenten hebben al meer dan 850.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet jij zeker dat je de beste keuze maakt!

In een paar klikken geregeld

In een paar klikken geregeld

Geen gedoe — betaal gewoon eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of je Stuvia-tegoed en je bent klaar. Geen abonnement nodig.

Direct to-the-point

Direct to-the-point

Studenten maken samenvattingen voor studenten. Dat betekent: actuele inhoud waar jij écht wat aan hebt. Geen overbodige details!

Veelgestelde vragen

Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?

Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.

Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?

Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.

Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?

Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper selenelee. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.

Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?

Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €9,07. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.

Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?

4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 69569 samenvattingen verkocht

Opgericht in 2010, al 15 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen

Begin nu gratis

Laatst bekeken door jou


€9,07
  • (0)
In winkelwagen
Toegevoegd