Psychology Paper 1 AS Level 2024
Study Guide Test.
Outline and explain the findings of Milgram's investigation into the effect of location on obedience.
[4 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - Milgram's original study was conducted in a laboratory of Yale University
- Variation was in a run down building and was no longer connected with Yale University.- % of pps who
did full 450 volts dropped from 65% to 47.5%.
- The prestigious uni environment gave Milgram's
study legitimacy & authority. Participants were
more obedient in this location bc they perceived
that the Experimenter shared this legitimacy & that
obedience- expected
Apart from ethical issues, briefly evaluate the methodology of Milgram's research into obedience.
[4 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - demand characteristics may cause participants to
behave in ways that are not normal
- can determine whether the IV does cause the DV to
change, causal conclusions can be drawn
as the situation is artificial, there is a loss of validity
- can easily be replicated, therefore reliability can be
assessed
A teacher wanted to investigate the attitudes of students in her school to the school's homework policy.
She used a volunteer sample of students from the school. All the students who volunteered were over
16 years of age. The students were interviewed in groups of four.
Write a brief consent form that would have been suitable to obtain informed consent from the
participants in this study.
, The consent form should:• include some detail of what participants might expect to happen • refer to
ethical issues.
[4 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - will require the participant's agreement
- can withdraw at any time
- data should be kept confdeitanl and anonymous
Explain how using stratified sampling might improve the design of this study.
[2 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - could ensure that various groups are represented in terms of their
proportionality in the population
- this would improve the generalizability of the results
One of the participants, Ava, strongly believed that the amount of homework she was set was fair.
However, when the teacher interviewed her with her three friends, the friends said they thought they
had too much homework. Ava also said she thought there was too much homework.
Use your knowledge of conformity to explain one reason for Ava's behaviour.
[2 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - Ava wanted the approval of her friends so she agreed with them about
having too much homework in order to be liked- normative social influence
- although Ava privately disagreed with her friends about the amount of homework she was set, she
publicly agreed with them- compliance
-
What do the mean values in Table 1 suggest about coding in short-term memory? Justify your answer.
[2 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - coding in short-term memory is based on sound (acoustic).
- mean number of words recalled is smaller when words are similar sounding than when they are
different.
Study Guide Test.
Outline and explain the findings of Milgram's investigation into the effect of location on obedience.
[4 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - Milgram's original study was conducted in a laboratory of Yale University
- Variation was in a run down building and was no longer connected with Yale University.- % of pps who
did full 450 volts dropped from 65% to 47.5%.
- The prestigious uni environment gave Milgram's
study legitimacy & authority. Participants were
more obedient in this location bc they perceived
that the Experimenter shared this legitimacy & that
obedience- expected
Apart from ethical issues, briefly evaluate the methodology of Milgram's research into obedience.
[4 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - demand characteristics may cause participants to
behave in ways that are not normal
- can determine whether the IV does cause the DV to
change, causal conclusions can be drawn
as the situation is artificial, there is a loss of validity
- can easily be replicated, therefore reliability can be
assessed
A teacher wanted to investigate the attitudes of students in her school to the school's homework policy.
She used a volunteer sample of students from the school. All the students who volunteered were over
16 years of age. The students were interviewed in groups of four.
Write a brief consent form that would have been suitable to obtain informed consent from the
participants in this study.
, The consent form should:• include some detail of what participants might expect to happen • refer to
ethical issues.
[4 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - will require the participant's agreement
- can withdraw at any time
- data should be kept confdeitanl and anonymous
Explain how using stratified sampling might improve the design of this study.
[2 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - could ensure that various groups are represented in terms of their
proportionality in the population
- this would improve the generalizability of the results
One of the participants, Ava, strongly believed that the amount of homework she was set was fair.
However, when the teacher interviewed her with her three friends, the friends said they thought they
had too much homework. Ava also said she thought there was too much homework.
Use your knowledge of conformity to explain one reason for Ava's behaviour.
[2 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - Ava wanted the approval of her friends so she agreed with them about
having too much homework in order to be liked- normative social influence
- although Ava privately disagreed with her friends about the amount of homework she was set, she
publicly agreed with them- compliance
-
What do the mean values in Table 1 suggest about coding in short-term memory? Justify your answer.
[2 marks] - CORRECT ANSWER - coding in short-term memory is based on sound (acoustic).
- mean number of words recalled is smaller when words are similar sounding than when they are
different.
