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©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:08PM. A+ 1 AAFCS Exam Questions With Correct Answers 100% Verified. 1. What is the legal definition of Organic? - AnswerCotton sold as 'organic' must be grown according to the federal guidelines for organic crop production. Crops must be rotated and n...

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©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:08PM. A+




AAFCS Exam Questions With Correct Answers
100% Verified.



1. What is the legal definition of Organic? - Answer✔Cotton sold as 'organic' must be grown
according to the federal guidelines for organic crop production. Crops must be rotated and not
grown repeatedly in the same soil. Synthetic pesticides and fertilizers may not be used for at
least 3 years.

1. What are the "vitamin-like" factors? - Answer✔Choline & Carnitine

Carnitine - Answer✔Helps the body change fatty acids into energy

Choline - Answer✔Methyl groups needed for many steps in metabolism. Needed to synthesize
major phospholipids vital for cell membranes. Helps the brain and nervous system function.
Lowered levels can cause the liver to swell.

1. What are the Essential Vitamins? - Answer✔4 Fat Soluble - A,D,E,K
9 Water Soluble - Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Patothenic Acid, Biotin, Pyroxidine, Folate,
Cobalaimin and Vitamin C

What are Fat Soluble Vitamins? - Answer✔i. Stored in the body's fat tissue
ii. Absorbed in presence of dietary fat

What are Water Soluble Vitamins? - Answer✔i. Not stored, excreted in the urine
ii. Should be taken on a regular basis to prevent shortage
iii. B12 is the only one stored - in the liver for several years

Thiamin - Answer✔B1 - help change carbohydrate into energy, essential for health of heart and
nerve function.


Deficiency: BeriBeri



1

, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:08PM. A+


Toxicity: none


Sources: peas, fresh and dried fruit, eggs, whole grain breads, some fortified bfast cereals, and
liver.

Riboflavin - Answer✔B2 - keep skin, eyes and the nervous system healthy. The body release
energy from food. Aids in body growth and RBC production.


Deficiency: sore throat, redness and swelling of the mouth and throat, cracks or sores on the
outsides of the lips (cheilosis) stomatitis - corners of the lips, inflammation of the tongue.


Toxicity: none


Sources: milk, eggs, fortified bfast cereals, rice


*UV Light can destroy riboflavin, so ideally these foods should be kept out of direct sunlight*

Niacin - Answer✔B3 - release energy from foods we eat. Keeps the nervous system and skin
healthy, may help lower cholesterol


Deficiency: Pellagra - a reversible nutritional waste disease characterized by diarrhea,
dermatitis, dementia and death (the 4 D's) . Casal's necklace lesions, hyperpigmentation,
thickening of the skin, inflammation of the mouth and tongue, digestive disturbances, amnesia
and delirium. [common in alcoholics - oral supplementation can reverse]


Toxicity: skin flushes, could lead to liver damage with long term supplementation.


Sources: meat, fish, wheat flour, eggs, milk, peanuts, avocado, peas, potatoes, brown rice

Pantothenic Acid - Answer✔B5 - used to produces hormones. A necessary component of
Coenzyme A. Synthesize and metabolize proteins, carbs and fats.




2

, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:08PM. A+


Deficiency: malaise, irritability, insomnia, vomiting, depression, stomach pains, burning feet and
upper respiratory infections.


Toxicity: unlikely


Sources: animal proteins, avocado, broccoli, kale (and other veg in the cabbage fam), eggs,
legumes and lentils, milk, mushrooms, and organ meats.

Pyroxidine - Answer✔B6 - benefits the central nervous system by producing neurotransmitters
serotonin and norepinephrine, and in forming myelin. Helps form RBC's and improves brain
function. Role in proteins/chemical reactions. More protein consumption requires increase
consumption of pyroxidine


Deficiency: dermatitis, sore tongue, cracked lips, weakened immune system, encephalopathy,
seizures, tingling in hands and feet, malaise, and mood changes. [may be observed in end-stage
kidney disease or malabsorption syndromes (such as Celiac, Chrone's, and Ulcertive Cholitis)]


Toxicity: severe nerve damage and loss of control of bodily movements (caused by too much
supplementation - rare)


Sources: pork, poultry, fish, bread, whole grain cereals, eggs, veg and soya beans

Biotin - Answer✔B7 - metabolism of protein/carbs through Gluconeogenesis - Biotin containing
enzymes help initiate this process. Fatty acid synthesis. Production of hormones.


Deficiency: Relatively rare. Dermatitis, alopecia, enteritis. [may be seen in those compromised
by alcoholism or pregnancy/breast feeding]


Sources: walnuts, peanuts, cereals, milk and egg yolks. Whole meal bread, salmon, pork,
sardines, mushroom, cauliflower, avocados, bananas and raspberries.

Cobalamin - Answer✔B12 - a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid
metabolism. Helps form RBC's and the central nervous system.



3

, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 12:08PM. A+


Deficiency: anemia's (pernicious, megaloblastic, and subacute), degeneration of spinal cord
(nerve problems), methylmalonic acidemia, fatigue, heart palpitations and shortness of breath,
pale skin, constipation/diarrhea/loss of appetite/gas, and vision loss. [folate supplementation
can mask deficiency]


Toxicity: dizziness, headache, anxiety, nausea, vomiting


Sources: eggs, salmon, liver, nutritional yeast, sardines.

Folate - Answer✔B9 - w/ Cobalamin helps produce RBC's and used to make DNA. Helps convert
food (carbs) into fuel (glucose), which is used to produce energy.


Deficiency: persistent fatigue, weakness, lethargy, pale skin, shortness of breath, and irritability.
In pregnancy can cause severe birth defects - the vitamin is important in the growth of the
fetus's spinal cord and brain. [mutation in the MTHFR gene]


Toxicity: may cause neurological injury when given to patients undiagnosed with pernicious
anemia


Sources: dark green leafy veg, beans, lentils, asparagus, wheat germ, yeast, peanuts, oranges
and strawberries. Animal products such as eggs, milk, cheese, and liver.

Folic Acid - Answer✔Helps your body produce and maintain new cells, and prevent changes to
DNA that may lead to cancer. Folic Acid is also used to treat certain types of anemia (lack of red
blood cells) caused by FA deficiency.


Sources: asparagus, broccoli, avocado, brussels, liver, spinach, egg, bean, bread, rice, pasta. etc

Vitamin A - Answer✔Form/maintain teeth, bones, skin, soft tissue, and mucous membranes


Deficiency: nyctalopia (permanent night blindness), weakened immune system - leading cause
of preventable childhood blindness.
Measured in plasma retinol concentration.



4

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